Modification of tin oxide nanoparticles by fluorocarbon solids via a mechanochemical route

Interfacial reactions at the surface of SnO 2 nanoparticles adjacent to the fluorocarbon solids (FCS) under mechanical stressing were compared in an attempt to their modification by introducing fluorine and carbon. Emphasis was laid on the comparison of the reactivity of 3 different species of FCS,...

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Published in:Journal of nanoparticle research : an interdisciplinary forum for nanoscale science and technology 2015-09, Vol.17 (9), p.1-14, Article 376
Main Authors: Senna, Mamoru, Turianicová, Erika, Zorkovská, Anna, Makreski, Petre, Kaňuchová, Mária, Scholz, Gudrun, Baláž, Matej, Baláž, Peter, Šepelák, Vladimír, Hahn, Horst
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Fluorine
Fluorocarbons
Inorganic Chemistry
Lasers
Materials Science
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Optical Devices
Optics
Perfluorooctanoic acid
Photonics
Physical Chemistry
Polytetrafluoroethylenes
Polyvinylidene fluorides
Research Paper
Tin dioxide
Tin oxides
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Summary:Interfacial reactions at the surface of SnO 2 nanoparticles adjacent to the fluorocarbon solids (FCS) under mechanical stressing were compared in an attempt to their modification by introducing fluorine and carbon. Emphasis was laid on the comparison of the reactivity of 3 different species of FCS, i.e., polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PVdF exhibited the highest reactivity, followed by PTFE and PFOA, as confirmed by Raman, FT-IR, XPS, and 19 F MAS NMR spectra. The preferential reactivity could be explained in terms of the electrophilicity of FCS toward the nucleophilic oxygen in SnO 2 , since the decomposition of FCS is catalyzed by the coexisting SnO 2 . PFOA behaved in a different manner, due to its carboxylic groups. At the same time, carbon nanospecies were introduced as a decomposed product of FCS. This results in the formation of SnO 2 :F/C nanocomposite. Fluorine introduced to SnO 2 survived even after heating up to 600 °C either in air or in Ar. This indicates the thermal stability of the present partially fluorinated SnO 2 nanoparticles. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1388-0764
1572-896X
DOI:10.1007/s11051-015-3166-3