Quantifying the population response of invasive water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, to biological control and winter weather in Louisiana, USA

Water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, is an invasive, tropical, aquatic plant that has caused significant environmental and economic damage since its establishment in Louisiana, USA, in 1884. Both invasion control programs and freezing temperatures are known to negatively affect water hyacinth popul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological invasions 2016-07, Vol.18 (7), p.2107-2115
Main Authors: Nesslage, Geneviève M, Lisa A. Wainger, Nathan E. Harms, Alfred F. Cofrancesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic plants
Biological control
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Developmental Biology
Dieback
ecological invasion
Ecology
Economic impact
Eichhornia crassipes
Environmental impact
Floating plants
Freezing
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Invasive plants
Life Sciences
Logistics
Mortality
Nonnative species
Original Paper
Plant Sciences
Population decline
population dynamics
surveys
temperature
time series analysis
vegetation
Vegetation surveys
weather
Winter
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Summary:Water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, is an invasive, tropical, aquatic plant that has caused significant environmental and economic damage since its establishment in Louisiana, USA, in 1884. Both invasion control programs and freezing temperatures are known to negatively affect water hyacinth populations; however, the combined impact of these factors on water hyacinth population dynamics has not yet been quantified, thereby limiting the ability to isolate the effectiveness of biocontrol and other types of control under variable weather conditions. We built a seasonal logistic population model that included time-varying intrinsic growth and overwinter mortality parameters which were estimated by fitting the model to vegetation survey data. We estimated that annual overwinter mortality rates declined from a peak of 71 % in 1977 to the time series low of 11 % in the winter of 1992, followed by an average of 28 % per year from 1993 to 2013. After accounting for the magnitude and trend of overwinter dieback events, our model predicted that the intrinsic growth rate of the Louisiana water hyacinth population declined by 84 % between 1976 and 2013. Despite higher average winter temperatures in recent decades, the population has not rebounded. Our study reveals the dramatic effectiveness of Louisiana’s biological control program to successfully suppress water hyacinth invasion.
ISSN:1387-3547
1573-1464
DOI:10.1007/s10530-016-1155-9