Organizational Culture, Work Organization Conditions and Burnout

• Published in: Relations industrielles (Québec, Québec) Québec), 2016-12, Vol.71 (1), p.156-187
• Main Authors: Dextras-Gauthier, Julie, Marchand, Alain
• Format: Article
• Language: fre
• Subjects: Burnout; Canada; Corporate culture; Stress analysis; Studies; Working conditions
• ISSN: 0034-379X

Cette étude a pour objectif de mieux comprendre le rôle spécifique de la culture organisationnelle et des conditions de l'organisation du travail sur l'épuisement professionnel chez la main-d'oeuvre canadienne. L'étude s'appuie sur des données recueillies dans le cadre de l'étude SALVEO de l'Équipe sur le travail et la santé Mentale de l'Université de Montréal. L'échantillon comprend 1824 individus répartis dans 60 établissements privés canadiens. Des analyses de régression multiple de type multi-niveaux ont été conduites afin de tester l'effet médiateur des conditions de l'organisation du travail dans la relation entre la culture organisationnelle et l'épuisement professionnel. Les résultats montrent que les cultures groupales, rationnelles et développementales s'associent indirectement aux différentes dimensions de l'épuisement professionnel. La culture hiérarchique, quant à elle, ne s'associe pas avec l'épuisement professionnel.//The aim of this article is to analyze the extent to which organizational culture contributes to the development of burnout in the workforce. This is important for exploring sources of stress that go beyond employees themselves and their working conditions and allow us to understand how elements of the organizational context can influence the development of burnout in organizations. By integrating organizational culture and work organization conditions, it is possible to examine how culture influences the different components of work organization conditions, and how this can lead to the development or aggravation of different aspects of burnout. The model proposed in this study comes out of the functionalist tradition, which considers culture as an organizational construct that influences and shapes the characteristics of an organization. Data from the SALVEO study were collected in 2009-2012 from a sample of 1824 individuals located in 60 Canadians workplaces. Multi-level regression models were used to analyze the data. After controlling for individual and family characteristics, group, developmental and rational cultures were associated with burnout. Group and developmental cultures were indirectly associated with lower levels of emotional exhaustion and cynicism. They were also indirectly associated with higher levels of professional efficiency. Both of these cultures are characterized by flexibility. Rational culture, characterized by performance, was indirectly associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion and cynic