Validity and Reliability of Two‐Dimensional Motion Analysis for Quantifying Postural Deficits in Adults With and Without Neurological Impairment

• Published in: Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) N.J. : 2007), 2016-09, Vol.299 (9), p.1165-1173
• Main Authors: Paul, S.S., Lester, M.E., Foreman, K.B., Dibble, L.E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; balance; Biomechanical Phenomena - physiology; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; motion analysis; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology; Postural Balance - physiology; Posture - physiology; reliability; Reproducibility of Results; Software; validity; video analysis; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1932-8486; 1932-8494
• DOI: 10.1002/ar.23385

ABSTRACT Frequently, clinical balance outcome measures are limited by floor or ceiling effects and provide insufficient resolution to determine subtle deficits. Detailed assessment of postural control obtained through posturography may be cost‐prohibitive or logistically infeasible in some clinical settings. Two‐dimensional (2D) motion analysis may provide a clinically feasible means of obtaining detailed quantification of balance deficits. Forty‐five participants aged 18–80 years, with and without Parkinson disease, performed the Push and Release (PR) test, sit‐to‐stand (STS), and timed single leg stance (SLS). Performance was captured simultaneously using a three‐dimensional (3D) (10‐camera laboratory‐based 3D motion capture system and 3D motion analysis software) and 2D (two commercially available video cameras and 2D motion analysis software) system. Agreement was excellent between 2D and 3D systems for all outcomes of the PR and SLS (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC2,1] 0.96–0.99, 95% CIs 0.92–0.98 to 0.99–1.0), and ranged from fair to excellent for STS outcomes (ICC2,1 0.59–0.93, 95% CIs 0.36–0.75 to 0.87–0.96). Test–retest reliability (ICC3,1 0.89–1.0, 95% CIs 0.76–0.96 to 1.0–1.0) and inter‐rater reliability (ICC2,1 0.77–1.0, 95% CIs 0.61–0.87 to 1.0–1.0) of the 2D obtained outcomes were excellent. A technology package of commonly available video cameras and 2D motion analysis software was a valid and reliable method for quantifying outcomes of postural control tasks in people with a range of balance abilities. Two‐dimensional analysis can be used in clinical practice to provide balance assessments as a cost‐effective alternative to 3D motion capture. Anat Rec, 299:1165–1173, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.