The Antibacterial Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives

Graphene materials have unique structures and outstanding thermal, optical, mechanical and electronic properties. In the last decade, these materials have attracted substantial interest in the field of nanomaterials, with applications ranging from biosensors to biomedicine. Among these applications,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2016-08, Vol.12 (31), p.4165-4184
Main Authors: Shi, Lin, Chen, Jiongrun, Teng, Lijing, Wang, Lin, Zhu, Guanglin, Liu, Sa, Luo, Zhengtang, Shi, Xuetao, Wang, Yingjun, Ren, Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Antibacterial materials
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Biosensing Techniques
composites
Derivatives
Electron transfer
Entrapment
Graphene
graphene derivatives
Graphite - chemistry
Hypotheses
mechanism
Membranes
Nanostructures - chemistry
Nanotechnology
Stresses
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Summary:Graphene materials have unique structures and outstanding thermal, optical, mechanical and electronic properties. In the last decade, these materials have attracted substantial interest in the field of nanomaterials, with applications ranging from biosensors to biomedicine. Among these applications, great advances have been made in the field of antibacterial agents. Here, recent advancements in the use of graphene and its derivatives as antibacterial agents are reviewed. Graphene is used in three forms: the pristine form; mixed with other antibacterial agents, such as Ag and chitosan; or with a base material, such as poly (N‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The main mechanisms proposed to explain the antibacterial behaviors of graphene and its derivatives are the membrane stress hypothesis, the oxidative stress hypothesis, the entrapment hypothesis, the electron transfer hypothesis and the photothermal hypothesis. This review describes contributions to improving these promising materials for antibacterial applications. Recent advancements in using graphene derivatives as antibacterial agents are reviewed. The mechanisms put forward to explain their antibacterial behaviors are various, mainly including membrane stress, oxidative stress, photothermal, entrapment isolation and electron transfer hypothesis. The goal of this review is to contribute to the improvement of the functionality of these promising materials in antibacterial applications.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.201601841