Pornographic image detection utilizing deep convolutional neural networks

• Published in: Neurocomputing (Amsterdam) 2016-10, Vol.210, p.283-293
• Main Authors: Nian, Fudong, Li, Teng, Wang, Yan, Xu, Mingliang, Wu, Jun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Convolutional neural networks; Fast pornographic image detection; Image classification; Image detection; Internet; Neural networks; Pornography; Strategy; Training
• ISSN: 0925-2312; 1872-8286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2015.09.135

Many internet users are potential victims of the pornographic images and a large part of them are underage children. Thus, content-based pornographic images detection is an important task in computer vision and multimedia research. Previous solutions usually rely on hand-engineered visual features that are hard to analyze and select. In this paper, to detect pornographic images in any style accurately and efficiently with a single model, a novel scheme utilizing the deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) is proposed. The training data are obtained from internet followed by an improved sliding window method and some novel data augmentation approaches. Then a highly efficient training algorithm is proposed based on two strategies. The first is the pre-trained mid-level representations non-fixed fine-tuning strategy. The second is adjusting the training data at the appropriate time on the basis of the performance of the proposed network on the validation set. Furthermore, we introduce a fast image scanning method which is also based on the sliding window approach in the test. We further propose a fast forward pass method based on the “fixed-point algorithm”. So our CNN could detect all scale images so fast by one forward pass. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in experiments on the proposed dataset and the comparative results show that our method lead to state-of-the-art detection performance.