Thermodynamic Study on the Surface Formation of the Mixture of Water and Ethanol

The formation of the water + ethanol mixture/air surface was studied by measuring the surface tension as a function of temperature and the mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture. The surface composition, the entropy Δs, and energy Δuof surface formation were evaluated by adopting the thermodynamic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of colloid and interface science 1997-07, Vol.191 (1), p.146-153
Main Authors: Aratono, Makoto, Toyomasu, Takayuki, Villeneuve, Masumi, Uchizono, Yorie, Takiue, Takanori, Motomura, Kinsi, Ikeda, Norihiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adsorption
Chemistry
Exact sciences and technology
Gas-liquid interface and liquid-liquid interface
General and physical chemistry
surface formation
Surface physical chemistry
surface tension
thermodynamics of surfaces
water + ethanol mixture
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Summary:The formation of the water + ethanol mixture/air surface was studied by measuring the surface tension as a function of temperature and the mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture. The surface composition, the entropy Δs, and energy Δuof surface formation were evaluated by adopting the thermodynamic equations. It was shown that the surface was enriched in ethanol molecules compared with the bulk solution. The values of Δsand Δuwere examined closely by estimating the contribution from the nonideal mixing in the bulk solution and that at the surface to Δsand Δu. It was concluded that the surface formation is driven by entropy at lowerx2and by energy at higherx2, respectively, and that the surface formation becomes more energetically favorable with rising temperature.
ISSN:0021-9797
1095-7103
DOI:10.1006/jcis.1997.4929