Radioiodine-remnant ablation in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: pros

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas are typically treated with total thyroidectomy as initial therapy. Subsequent radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation destroys post-surgical thyroid remnants, can additionally provide adjuvant therapy of residual and metastatic thyroid cancers, and enhances the sensitivit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrine 2015-09, Vol.50 (1), p.61-66
Main Author: Ain, Kenneth B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diabetes
Endocrinology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Internal Medicine
Iodine Radioisotopes - adverse effects
Iodine Radioisotopes - therapeutic use
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
multidisciplinary
Neoplasm, Residual - radiotherapy
Pros and Cons in Endocrine Practice
Science
Thyroid Neoplasms - radiotherapy
Thyroid Neoplasms - surgery
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Summary:Differentiated thyroid carcinomas are typically treated with total thyroidectomy as initial therapy. Subsequent radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation destroys post-surgical thyroid remnants, can additionally provide adjuvant therapy of residual and metastatic thyroid cancers, and enhances the sensitivity and specificity of further diagnostic studies. There is current controversy regarding whether a large number of patients, broadly considered to have “low-risk” disease, should be provided RAI ablation. This is consequent to over-reliance on short-term studies, under-appreciation of the value of RAI remnant ablation, and inflation of the side effects of RAI therapy. A balanced assessment of all of these issues provides justification to utilize post-surgical radioiodine ablation, even in cases that are considered low risk on the basis of surgical findings.
ISSN:1355-008X
1559-0100
DOI:10.1007/s12020-015-0668-9