Central nervous system infection following vertical transmission of Coxsackievirus B4 in mice

Coxsackie B viruses (CV-B) are important pathogens associated with several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. CV-B are mainly transmitted by the faecal–oral route, but there is also evidence for vertical transmission. The outcome of in utero CV-B infections on offspring's CNS is poorly exp...

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Published in:Pathogens and disease 2016-11, Vol.74 (8), p.ftw096
Main Authors: Jmii, Habib, Halouani, Aymen, Elmastour, Firas, Ifie, Eseoghene, Richardson, Sarah J, Sane, Famara, Mokni, Moncef, Aouni, Mahjoub, Hober, Didier, Jaïdane, Hela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Birth
Central nervous system
Coxsackievirus
Coxsackieviruses
Disease transmission
Double-stranded RNA
Histology
Immunohistochemistry
Infections
Infiltration
Inflammation
Inoculation
Lesions
Lymphocytes
Mice
Nervous system
Offspring
Polymerase chain reaction
Reverse transcription
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Viruses
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Summary:Coxsackie B viruses (CV-B) are important pathogens associated with several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. CV-B are mainly transmitted by the faecal–oral route, but there is also evidence for vertical transmission. The outcome of in utero CV-B infections on offspring's CNS is poorly explored. The aim of this study was to investigate vertical transmission of CV-B to the CNS. For this purpose, pregnant Swiss albino mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with CV-B4 E2 at gestational days 10G or 17G. Different CNS compartments were collected and analysed for virus infection and histopathological changes. Using plaque assays, we demonstrated CV-B4 E2 vertical transmission to offspring's CNS. Viral RNA persisted in the CNS up to 60 days after birth, as evidenced by a sensitive semi-nested(sn) reverse transcription (RT)-PCR method. This was despite infectious particles becoming undetectable at later time points. Persistence was associated with inflammatory lesions, lymphocyte infiltration and viral dsRNA detected by immunohistochemistry. Offspring born to dams mock- or virus-infected at day 17G were challenged by the same virus at day 21 after birth (–+ and ++ groups, respectively). sn-RT-PCR and histology results, compared between both ++ and –+ groups, show that in utero infection did not enhance CNS infection during challenge of the offspring with the same virus. Coxsackievirus B4 inoculation to pregnant mice leads to persistent infection of offspring's central nervous system.
ISSN:2049-632X
2049-632X
DOI:10.1093/femspd/ftw096