Kidney disease and venous thromboembolism: Does being woman make the difference?

Abstract The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease (CKD), from mild to more advanced CKD, and typically characterizes nephrotic syndrome (NS). VTE risk in patients with kidney disease may be due to underlying hemostatic abnormalities, includi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of internal medicine 2017-04, Vol.39, p.18-23
Main Authors: Gigante, A, Di Mario, F, Pierucci, A, Amoroso, A, Pignataro, FS, Napoleone, L, Basili, S, Raparelli, V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood Coagulation
Female
Gender
Hemostasis
Humans
Internal Medicine
Italy
Kidney disease
Kidney Diseases - complications
Kidney Diseases - epidemiology
Male
Nephrotic syndrome
Risk Factors
Sex Factors
Venous thromboembolism
Venous Thromboembolism - epidemiology
Venous Thromboembolism - etiology
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Summary:Abstract The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease (CKD), from mild to more advanced CKD, and typically characterizes nephrotic syndrome (NS). VTE risk in patients with kidney disease may be due to underlying hemostatic abnormalities, including activation of pro-thrombotic factors, inhibition of endogenous anticoagulation systems, enhanced platelet activation and aggregation, and decreased fibrinolytic activity. The mechanisms involved differ depending on the cause of the kidney impairment (i.e. presence of NS or CKD stage). Sex and gender differences, as well as, environmental factors or comorbidities may play a modulating role; however, specific sex and gender data on this topic are still rare. The aim of the present review is to discuss the VTE risk associated with impairment of kidney function, the potential mechanism accounting for it and the impact of sex differences in this clinical setting.
ISSN:0953-6205
1879-0828
DOI:10.1016/j.ejim.2017.02.012