Prognostic implication of antitumor immunity measured by the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and serum cytokines and angiogenic factors in gastric cancer

Background The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with a poor prognosis in many cancers but the biological mechanisms involved are unknown. Since cytokines and angiogenic factors (CAFs) are reflected by various immune responses, we analyzed the association between the NLR and CAFs and t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association 2017-03, Vol.20 (2), p.254-262
Main Authors: Ock, Chan-Young, Nam, Ah-Rong, Lee, Joongyub, Bang, Ju-Hee, Lee, Kyung-Hun, Han, Sae-Won, Kim, Tae-Yong, Im, Seock-Ah, Kim, Tae-You, Bang, Yung-Jue, Oh, Do-Youn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdominal Surgery
Adenocarcinoma - blood
Adenocarcinoma - immunology
Adenocarcinoma - secondary
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents - blood
Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis
Cancer Research
Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell - blood
Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell - immunology
Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell - secondary
Cytokines - blood
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gastric cancer
Gastroenterology
Humans
Lymphatic Metastasis
Lymphocytes - pathology
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - blood
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - immunology
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology
Neoplasm Staging
Neutrophils - pathology
Oncology
Original Article
Prognosis
Prospective Studies
Retrospective Studies
Stomach Neoplasms - blood
Stomach Neoplasms - immunology
Stomach Neoplasms - pathology
Surgical Oncology
Survival Rate
Young Adult
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Summary:Background The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with a poor prognosis in many cancers but the biological mechanisms involved are unknown. Since cytokines and angiogenic factors (CAFs) are reflected by various immune responses, we analyzed the association between the NLR and CAFs and their prognostic implications in gastric cancer (GC). Methods Of 745 GC patients who were enrolled in NLR analysis, 70 underwent NLR and CAF association analyses. Pretreatment serum levels of 52 CAFs were measured by means of multiplex bead immunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Linear regression analysis and survival analysis of the NLR with each CAF were performed. Results Metastatic organ numbers and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with a high NLR [greater than 2.42 (median): P  = 0.047 and P  
ISSN:1436-3291
1436-3305
DOI:10.1007/s10120-016-0613-5