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Body mass index, PAM50 subtype, recurrence, and survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer

BACKGROUND Studies of obesity and survival among patients with breast cancer produce conflicting results, possibly because of heterogeneity by molecular subtype. METHODS This study examined whether the association of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis with breast cancer recurrence and survival varie...

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Published in:Cancer 2017-07, Vol.123 (13), p.2535-2542
Main Authors: Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M., Kwan, Marilyn L., Kushi, Lawrence H., Chen, Wendy Y., Weltzien, Erin K., Castillo, Adrienne L., Sweeney, Carol, Bernard, Philip S., Caan, Bette J.
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3937-40c18d3081ddcaf93fe3e7d8fbe330b9180a51394f51da368a809c988dab25113
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container_title Cancer
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creator Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.
Kwan, Marilyn L.
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Bernard, Philip S.
Caan, Bette J.
description BACKGROUND Studies of obesity and survival among patients with breast cancer produce conflicting results, possibly because of heterogeneity by molecular subtype. METHODS This study examined whether the association of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis with breast cancer recurrence and survival varied across subtypes defined by PAM50 (Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50) gene expression. Included were 1559 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members ages 18 to 79 years who had PAM50 assays and were diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I through III breast cancer from 1996 to 2013. Patients reported weight and height. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, menopause, race/ethnicity, stage, and chemotherapy. RESULTS Over a median of 9 years (maximum, 19 years), 378 women developed recurrent disease, and 312 died from breast cancer. Overall, BMI was not associated with breast cancer recurrence or survival when controlling for subtype (eg, the hazard ratio per 5 kg/m2 of BMI was 1.05 [95% confidence interval, 0.95‐1.15] for breast cancer‐specific death). However, associations varied by subtype. Among women with luminal A cancers, those who had class II/III obesity, but not class I obesity or overweight, had worse outcomes. When women who had a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 were compared with those who had a BMI from 18.5 to
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METHODS This study examined whether the association of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis with breast cancer recurrence and survival varied across subtypes defined by PAM50 (Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50) gene expression. Included were 1559 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members ages 18 to 79 years who had PAM50 assays and were diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I through III breast cancer from 1996 to 2013. Patients reported weight and height. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, menopause, race/ethnicity, stage, and chemotherapy. RESULTS Over a median of 9 years (maximum, 19 years), 378 women developed recurrent disease, and 312 died from breast cancer. Overall, BMI was not associated with breast cancer recurrence or survival when controlling for subtype (eg, the hazard ratio per 5 kg/m2 of BMI was 1.05 [95% confidence interval, 0.95‐1.15] for breast cancer‐specific death). However, associations varied by subtype. Among women with luminal A cancers, those who had class II/III obesity, but not class I obesity or overweight, had worse outcomes. When women who had a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 were compared with those who had a BMI from 18.5 to &lt;25 kg/m2, the hazard ratio was 2.24 (95% confidence interval,1.22‐4.11) for breast cancer‐specific death and 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.00‐1.54) for recurrence. There was no association within luminal B, basal‐like or human epidermal growth factor over‐expressing subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Among patients who had accurately classified breast cancer subtypes based on gene expression, a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 was adversely associated with outcomes only among those who had luminal A cancers. Research is needed into whether tailoring recommendations for weight management to tumor characteristics will improve outcomes. Cancer 2017;123:2535–42. © 2017 American Cancer Society. In the largest prospective study to examine the association of obesity and breast cancer outcomes separately by PAM50 subtype, extreme obesity doubles the risk of breast cancer death among women with luminal A tumors, and there is no association of body mass index and breast cancer outcomes for other subtypes. Future research should investigate the potential of a precision oncology approach that targets lifestyle intervention according to individual characteristics of the patient and disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-543X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0142</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30637</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28295245</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Body mass ; Body Mass Index ; Body weight ; Breast cancer ; breast cancer subtype ; Breast Neoplasms - genetics ; Breast Neoplasms - mortality ; Breast Neoplasms - pathology ; Breast Neoplasms - therapy ; California - epidemiology ; Cancer ; Chemotherapy ; Comorbidity ; Confidence intervals ; Death ; DNA microarrays ; Epidermal growth factor ; Fatalities ; Female ; Gene expression ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Intervention ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Minority &amp; ethnic groups ; molecular classification ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Obesity ; Obesity - epidemiology ; Oncology ; Overweight ; Overweight - epidemiology ; Patients ; Precision medicine ; Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) gene expression assay ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism ; recurrence ; Regression analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival ; Survival Rate ; Transcriptome ; Tumors ; Weight control ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Cancer, 2017-07, Vol.123 (13), p.2535-2542</ispartof><rights>2017 American Cancer Society</rights><rights>2017 American Cancer Society.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3937-40c18d3081ddcaf93fe3e7d8fbe330b9180a51394f51da368a809c988dab25113</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3937-40c18d3081ddcaf93fe3e7d8fbe330b9180a51394f51da368a809c988dab25113</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1192-4017</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28295245$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwan, Marilyn L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kushi, Lawrence H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Wendy Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weltzien, Erin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castillo, Adrienne L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sweeney, Carol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, Philip S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caan, Bette J.</creatorcontrib><title>Body mass index, PAM50 subtype, recurrence, and survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer</title><title>Cancer</title><addtitle>Cancer</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND Studies of obesity and survival among patients with breast cancer produce conflicting results, possibly because of heterogeneity by molecular subtype. METHODS This study examined whether the association of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis with breast cancer recurrence and survival varied across subtypes defined by PAM50 (Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50) gene expression. Included were 1559 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members ages 18 to 79 years who had PAM50 assays and were diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I through III breast cancer from 1996 to 2013. Patients reported weight and height. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, menopause, race/ethnicity, stage, and chemotherapy. RESULTS Over a median of 9 years (maximum, 19 years), 378 women developed recurrent disease, and 312 died from breast cancer. Overall, BMI was not associated with breast cancer recurrence or survival when controlling for subtype (eg, the hazard ratio per 5 kg/m2 of BMI was 1.05 [95% confidence interval, 0.95‐1.15] for breast cancer‐specific death). However, associations varied by subtype. Among women with luminal A cancers, those who had class II/III obesity, but not class I obesity or overweight, had worse outcomes. When women who had a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 were compared with those who had a BMI from 18.5 to &lt;25 kg/m2, the hazard ratio was 2.24 (95% confidence interval,1.22‐4.11) for breast cancer‐specific death and 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.00‐1.54) for recurrence. There was no association within luminal B, basal‐like or human epidermal growth factor over‐expressing subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Among patients who had accurately classified breast cancer subtypes based on gene expression, a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 was adversely associated with outcomes only among those who had luminal A cancers. Research is needed into whether tailoring recommendations for weight management to tumor characteristics will improve outcomes. Cancer 2017;123:2535–42. © 2017 American Cancer Society. In the largest prospective study to examine the association of obesity and breast cancer outcomes separately by PAM50 subtype, extreme obesity doubles the risk of breast cancer death among women with luminal A tumors, and there is no association of body mass index and breast cancer outcomes for other subtypes. Future research should investigate the potential of a precision oncology approach that targets lifestyle intervention according to individual characteristics of the patient and disease.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>breast cancer subtype</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>California - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Chemotherapy</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>DNA microarrays</subject><subject>Epidermal growth factor</subject><subject>Fatalities</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Menopause</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Minority &amp; ethnic groups</subject><subject>molecular classification</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neoplasm Staging</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Overweight - epidemiology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Precision medicine</subject><subject>Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) gene expression assay</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</subject><subject>recurrence</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Survival Rate</subject><subject>Transcriptome</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>0008-543X</issn><issn>1097-0142</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE9P3DAQxa2qqCy0Fz4AstRLhQiM7XhjH2FV_ki0VIhKvVmOPSlBibPYCbDfHsNSDj1wmjczv3kaPUJ2GBwwAH7ogosHAuai-kBmDHRVACv5RzIDAFXIUvzZJFsp3ea24lJ8IptccS15KWfk5njwK9rblGgbPD7u019HPyTQNNXjaon7NKKbYsTgsrbB50W8b-9tR20_hL90accWw5joQzve0DCEHkebxjx1tI6YJXU2H8fPZKOxXcIvr3Wb_D75fr04Ky4uT88XRxeFE1pURQmOKS9AMe-dbbRoUGDlVVOjEFBrpsBKJnTZSOatmCurQDutlLc1l4yJbfJt7buMw92EaTR9mxx2nQ04TMkwVVVKyjnojH79D70dphjyd4ZpDuWcMy0ztbemXBxSitiYZWx7G1eGgXnO3zznb17yz_Duq-VU9-jf0H-BZ4CtgYe2w9U7Vmbxc3G1Nn0CjD6PmA</recordid><startdate>20170701</startdate><enddate>20170701</enddate><creator>Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.</creator><creator>Kwan, Marilyn L.</creator><creator>Kushi, Lawrence H.</creator><creator>Chen, Wendy Y.</creator><creator>Weltzien, Erin K.</creator><creator>Castillo, Adrienne L.</creator><creator>Sweeney, Carol</creator><creator>Bernard, Philip S.</creator><creator>Caan, Bette J.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-4017</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170701</creationdate><title>Body mass index, PAM50 subtype, recurrence, and survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer</title><author>Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M. ; Kwan, Marilyn L. ; Kushi, Lawrence H. ; Chen, Wendy Y. ; Weltzien, Erin K. ; Castillo, Adrienne L. ; Sweeney, Carol ; Bernard, Philip S. ; Caan, Bette J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3937-40c18d3081ddcaf93fe3e7d8fbe330b9180a51394f51da368a809c988dab25113</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>breast cancer subtype</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>California - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Chemotherapy</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>DNA microarrays</topic><topic>Epidermal growth factor</topic><topic>Fatalities</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heterogeneity</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>Menopause</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Minority &amp; ethnic groups</topic><topic>molecular classification</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neoplasm Staging</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Overweight</topic><topic>Overweight - epidemiology</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Precision medicine</topic><topic>Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) gene expression assay</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</topic><topic>recurrence</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Survival Rate</topic><topic>Transcriptome</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwan, Marilyn L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kushi, Lawrence H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Wendy Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weltzien, Erin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castillo, Adrienne L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sweeney, Carol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, Philip S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caan, Bette J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.</au><au>Kwan, Marilyn L.</au><au>Kushi, Lawrence H.</au><au>Chen, Wendy Y.</au><au>Weltzien, Erin K.</au><au>Castillo, Adrienne L.</au><au>Sweeney, Carol</au><au>Bernard, Philip S.</au><au>Caan, Bette J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Body mass index, PAM50 subtype, recurrence, and survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer</atitle><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer</addtitle><date>2017-07-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>123</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>2535</spage><epage>2542</epage><pages>2535-2542</pages><issn>0008-543X</issn><eissn>1097-0142</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND Studies of obesity and survival among patients with breast cancer produce conflicting results, possibly because of heterogeneity by molecular subtype. METHODS This study examined whether the association of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis with breast cancer recurrence and survival varied across subtypes defined by PAM50 (Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50) gene expression. Included were 1559 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members ages 18 to 79 years who had PAM50 assays and were diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I through III breast cancer from 1996 to 2013. Patients reported weight and height. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, menopause, race/ethnicity, stage, and chemotherapy. RESULTS Over a median of 9 years (maximum, 19 years), 378 women developed recurrent disease, and 312 died from breast cancer. Overall, BMI was not associated with breast cancer recurrence or survival when controlling for subtype (eg, the hazard ratio per 5 kg/m2 of BMI was 1.05 [95% confidence interval, 0.95‐1.15] for breast cancer‐specific death). However, associations varied by subtype. Among women with luminal A cancers, those who had class II/III obesity, but not class I obesity or overweight, had worse outcomes. When women who had a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 were compared with those who had a BMI from 18.5 to &lt;25 kg/m2, the hazard ratio was 2.24 (95% confidence interval,1.22‐4.11) for breast cancer‐specific death and 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.00‐1.54) for recurrence. There was no association within luminal B, basal‐like or human epidermal growth factor over‐expressing subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Among patients who had accurately classified breast cancer subtypes based on gene expression, a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 was adversely associated with outcomes only among those who had luminal A cancers. Research is needed into whether tailoring recommendations for weight management to tumor characteristics will improve outcomes. Cancer 2017;123:2535–42. © 2017 American Cancer Society. In the largest prospective study to examine the association of obesity and breast cancer outcomes separately by PAM50 subtype, extreme obesity doubles the risk of breast cancer death among women with luminal A tumors, and there is no association of body mass index and breast cancer outcomes for other subtypes. Future research should investigate the potential of a precision oncology approach that targets lifestyle intervention according to individual characteristics of the patient and disease.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>28295245</pmid><doi>10.1002/cncr.30637</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-4017</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection; EZB Electronic Journals Library
subjects Adult
Age
Aged
Body mass
Body Mass Index
Body weight
Breast cancer
breast cancer subtype
Breast Neoplasms - genetics
Breast Neoplasms - mortality
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Breast Neoplasms - therapy
California - epidemiology
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Comorbidity
Confidence intervals
Death
DNA microarrays
Epidermal growth factor
Fatalities
Female
Gene expression
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heterogeneity
Humans
Intervention
Menopause
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
molecular classification
Mortality
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology
Neoplasm Staging
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Oncology
Overweight
Overweight - epidemiology
Patients
Precision medicine
Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) gene expression assay
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism
Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism
Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism
recurrence
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Survival
Survival Rate
Transcriptome
Tumors
Weight control
Womens health
title Body mass index, PAM50 subtype, recurrence, and survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer
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