NEIGHBOURHOOD POVERTY, PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION AND CENTRAL ADIPOSITY IN THE USA: INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATIONS IN A REPEATED MEASURES ANALYSIS

This study examines the independent effects of neighbourhood context (i.e. neighbourhood poverty) and exposure to perceived discrimination in shaping risk of obesity over time. Weighted three-level hierarchical linear regression models for a continuous outcome were used to assess the independent eff...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of biosocial science 2016-11, Vol.48 (6), p.709-722
Main Authors: Kwarteng, Jamila L., Schulz, Amy J., Mentz, Graciela B., Israel, Barbara A., Shanks, Trina R., Perkins, Denise White
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adiposity
Adult
African Americans
Analysis
Body Mass Index
Body weight
Discrimination
European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data
Female
Hispanic Americans
Hispanic Americans - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Statistical
Neighborhoods
Neighbourhoods
Obesity
Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology
Perception
Poverty
Poverty - ethnology
Racial differences
Regression analysis
Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data
Risk
Risk Factors
Social Discrimination - ethnology
Social Discrimination - psychology
Socioeconomic Factors
Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
Time
United States - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:This study examines the independent effects of neighbourhood context (i.e. neighbourhood poverty) and exposure to perceived discrimination in shaping risk of obesity over time. Weighted three-level hierarchical linear regression models for a continuous outcome were used to assess the independent effects of neighbourhood poverty and perceived discrimination on obesity over time in a sample of 157 non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic adults in Detroit, USA, in 2002/2003 and 2007/2008. Independent associations were found between neighbourhood poverty and perceived discrimination with central adiposity over time. Residents of neighbourhoods with high concentrations of poverty were more likely to show increases in central adiposity compared with those in neighbourhoods with lower concentrations of poverty. In models adjusted for BMI, neighbourhood poverty at baseline was associated with a greater change in central adiposity among participants who lived in neighbourhoods in the second (B=3.79, p=0.025) and third (B=3.73, p=0.024) poverty quartiles, compared with those in the lowest poverty neighbourhoods. The results from models that included both neighbourhood poverty and perceived discrimination showed that both were associated with increased risk of increased central adiposity over time. Residents of neighbourhoods in the second (B=9.58, p
ISSN:0021-9320
1469-7599
DOI:10.1017/S0021932016000225