Impact of phenylketonuria type meal on appetite, thermic effect of feeding and postprandial fat oxidation

• Published in: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Scotland), 2018-06, Vol.37 (3), p.851-857
• Main Authors: Alfheeaid, Hani, Gerasimidis, Konstantinos, Năstase, Ana-Maria, Elhauge, Mie, Cochrane, Barbara, Malkova, Dalia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Appetite; Appetite hormones; Fat oxidation; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Low protein meal; Phenylketonuria diet; Thermic effect of feeding
• ISSN: 0261-5614; 1532-1983
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.005

Summary Background Dietary management of phenylketonuria (PKU) requires the replacement of natural protein-containing foods with special low protein foods. The effect of a PKU type diet on factors contributing to energy balance requires investigation. Objective To investigate the impact of a PKU type meal on appetite ratings, gut appetite hormones, thermic effect of feeding (TEF) and fat oxidation. Methods Twenty-three healthy adults (mean ± SD age: 24.3 ± 5.1 years; BMI: 22.4 ± 2.5 kg/m2 ) participated in a randomized, crossover design study. Each participant conducted two (PKU and Control) experimental trials which involved consumption of a PKU type meal and protein substitute drink or an isocaloric and weight matched ordinary meal and protein-enriched milk. Appetite, metabolic rate, fat oxidation measurements and blood collections were conducted for the duration of 300 min. On the completion of the measurements ad libitum buffet dinner was served. Results Responses of appetite ratings, plasma concentrations of GLP-1 and PYY ( P  > 0.05, trial effect, two-way ANOVA) and energy intake during ad libitum buffet dinner ( P  > 0.05, paired t -test) were not significantly different between the two trials. The TEF (PKU, 10.2 ± 1.5%; Control, 13.2 ± 1.0%) and the total amount of fat oxidized (PKU, 18.90 ± 1.10 g; Control, 22.10 ± 1.10 g) were significantly ( P