Decreased basal hepatic glucose uptake in impaired fasting glucose

• Published in: Diabetologia 2017-07, Vol.60 (7), p.1325-1332
• Main Authors: Alatrach, Mariam, Agyin, Christina, Adams, John, DeFronzo, Ralph A., Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Glucose - analysis; Body mass; Body Weight; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; Glucose Intolerance - metabolism; Glucose tolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Human Physiology; Humans; Insulin - metabolism; Internal Medicine; Lean body mass; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Pathology; Prediabetic State - blood; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0012-186X; 1432-0428
• DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4252-0

Aims/hypothesis This research aimed to define the pathophysiological defects responsible for the elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration and excessive rise in post-load plasma glucose observed in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Methods We used tracer techniques to quantify basal splanchnic (primarily hepatic) glucose uptake and glucose fluxes following glucose ingestion in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n  = 10) and IFG ( n  = 10). Results Individuals with IFG had a comparable basal rate of hepatic glucose production to those with NGT (15.2 ± 0.2 vs 18.0 ± 0.8 μmol min −1  [kg lean body mass (LBM)] −1 ; p  = 0.09). However, they had a significantly reduced glucose clearance rate during the fasting state compared with NGT (2.64 ± 0.11 vs 3.62 ± 0.20 ml min −1  [kg LBM] −1 ; p