Nutritional stimulation of commensal oral bacteria suppresses pathogens: the prebiotic concept

Aim To identify potential oral prebiotics that selectively stimulate commensal, albeit beneficial bacteria of the resident oral microbial community while suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Material and Methods Using Phenotype MicroArrays as a high‐throughput method, the change in respira...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical periodontology 2017-04, Vol.44 (4), p.344-352
Main Authors: Slomka, Vera, Hernandez‐Sanabria, Emma, Herrero, Esteban Rodriguez, Zaidel, Lynette, Bernaerts, Kristel, Boon, Nico, Quirynen, Marc, Teughels, Wim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
biofilm
Dentistry
Gum disease
Humans
Mouth - microbiology
Oral Health
Oral hygiene
Pathogens
periodontal diseases
Prebiotics
probiotics
Symbiosis
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Summary:Aim To identify potential oral prebiotics that selectively stimulate commensal, albeit beneficial bacteria of the resident oral microbial community while suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Material and Methods Using Phenotype MicroArrays as a high‐throughput method, the change in respiratory activity of 16 oral bacteria in response to 742 nutritional compounds was screened. Most promising prebiotic compounds were selected and applied in single species growth and biofilm formation assays, as well as dual species (beneficial‐pathogen) competition assays. Results Increased respiratory activity could not always be related to an increase in growth or biofilm formation. Six compounds were used in dual species competition assays to directly monitor if selective nutritional stimulation of the beneficial bacterium results in the suppression of the pathogenic bacterium. Two compounds, beta‐methyl‐d‐galactoside and N‐acetyl‐d‐mannosamine, could be identified as potential oral prebiotic compounds, triggering selectively beneficial oral bacteria throughout the experiments and shifting dual species biofilm communities towards a beneficial dominating composition at in vitro level. Conclusion Our observations support the hypothesis that nutritional stimulation of beneficial bacteria by prebiotics could be used to restore the microbial balance in the oral cavity and by this promote oral health.
ISSN:0303-6979
1600-051X
DOI:10.1111/jcpe.12700