A high performance lithium–selenium battery using a microporous carbon confined selenium cathode and a compatible electrolyte

Rechargeable lithium-selenium (Li-Se) batteries are promising electrochemical systems with higher energy density than traditional Li ion batteries. Nevertheless, the dissolution of high-order lithium selenides and the shuttle effect in electrolytes lead to low Se utilization, inferior capacity and p...

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Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2017, Vol.5 (19), p.9350-9357
Main Authors: Zhou, Jingjing, Yang, Jun, Xu, Zhixin, Zhang, Tao, Chen, Zhenying, Wang, Jiulin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon
Cathodes
Compatibility
Electric batteries
Electrolytes
Lithium
Rechargeable batteries
Selenium
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Summary:Rechargeable lithium-selenium (Li-Se) batteries are promising electrochemical systems with higher energy density than traditional Li ion batteries. Nevertheless, the dissolution of high-order lithium selenides and the shuttle effect in electrolytes lead to low Se utilization, inferior capacity and poor cycling performance. This study proposes a combination of nanostructured Se cathode materials and compatible carbonate electrolytes for promoting the performance of Li-Se batteries. Se/MC composite nanoparticles ( similar to 35 nm) with a moderate Se content ( approximately 51.4 wt%) were prepared by embedding Se into a metal-organic framework derived microporous carbon. The resulting Se/MC cathode exhibits significantly high rate capability and cycling stability in LiDFOB/EC-DMC-FEC electrolyte. It delivers a capacity of 511 mA h gSe-1 after 1000 cycles at 5C, with an inappreciable capacity decay of 0.012% per cycle. Even at a very high rate of 20C, a large capacity of 569 mA h gSe-1 can be obtained, corresponding to a decrease of only 5.6% compared to that at 0.5C. The impressive high rate performance is attributed to the co-effect of selenium confined in ultra-small microporous carbon particles and excellent compatibility of the electrolyte with both the Li anode and selenium composite cathode.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/c7ta01564j