Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Blood Blister–Like Aneurysm Rupture Depends on Age and Aneurysm Morphology

• Published in: World neurosurgery 2017-09, Vol.105, p.944-951.e1
• Main Authors: Konczalla, Juergen, Gessler, Florian, Bruder, Markus, Berkefeld, Joachim, Marquardt, Gerhard, Seifert, Volker
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aneurysm, Ruptured - complications; Aneurysm, Ruptured - pathology; Aneurysm, Ruptured - surgery; Blister-like aneurysm; Carotid Artery Diseases - complications; Carotid Artery Diseases - pathology; Carotid Artery Diseases - surgery; Carotid Artery, Internal - surgery; Cerebral aneurysm; Cerebral Angiography - methods; Clipping; Coiling; Female; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm - complications; Intracranial Aneurysm - pathology; Intracranial Aneurysm - surgery; Male; Middle Aged; Morphology; Recanalization; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - complications; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - surgery; Surgical Instruments; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1878-8750; 1878-8769
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.129

Blood blister–like aneurysms (BBLA) are rare, challenging to treat, and prone to rerupture. We analyzed our results in relationship to type of BBLA and other prognostic factors. Data on patient and aneurysm characteristics, clinical course, and treatment results, including data from patient records and review of imaging findings, were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. There were 27 patients (mean age 56 years) with subarachnoid hemorrhage from BBLA. Of patients, 13 (48%) had BBLA of the internal carotid artery, 6 had BBLA of the anterior cerebral artery (22%), 5 had BBLA of the middle cerebral artery (19%), and 3 had BBLA of the basilar artery (11%). Most patients (n = 12) had a circumferential type IV BBLA (44%). BBLAs were treated by clip-reinforced wrapping in 13 patients (48%) and by clipping alone in 8 patients (30%); 3 (11%) patients received no treatment. The 3 remaining patients were treated endovascularly, by combined treatment, or by fenestration tube technique. Rerupture after treatment occurred in 4 patients (15%), all of whom had type IV BBLAs. Outcome was unfavorable (modified Rankin scale score 3–6) in 52% (n = 14). The highest rates of rerupture (33%), delayed infarctions (67%), unfavorable outcome (75%), and death (50%) were identified in type IV BBLAs; type I–III BBLAs had a better course. Treatment of BBLA is challenging. Patients with type IV BBLAs were especially prone to rerupture, delayed infarctions, unfavorable outcomes, and death. Independent risk factors for unfavorable outcome were advanced age (≥60 years) and type IV BBLA.