Vibration-based fixation assessment of tibial knee implants: A combined in vitro and in silico feasibility study

• Published in: Medical engineering & physics 2017-11, Vol.49, p.109-120
• Main Authors: Leuridan, Steven, Goossens, Quentin, Vander Sloten, Tom, De Landsheer, Koen, Delport, Hendrik, Pastrav, Leonard, Denis, Kathleen, Desmet, Wim, Vander Sloten, Jos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Computer Simulation; Feasibility Studies; Finite element analysis; Knee Prosthesis; Linear Models; Numerical and experimental modal analysis; Postoperative Period; Prosthesis Failure; Tibia - surgery; Tibial implant loosening detection; Total knee replacement; Vibration
• ISSN: 1350-4533; 1873-4030
• DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.08.007

•The bone-implant vibrational behavior is sensitive to implant fixation changes.•The frequency range above 1500 Hz is most sensitive to fixation changes.•Measurement locations at the proximal bone or on the implant are most suitable.•Loosening and the location thereof can be determined using vibrational features. The preoperative diagnosis of loosening of cemented tibial knee implants is challenging. This feasibility study explored the basic potential of a vibration-based method as an alternative diagnostic technique to assess the fixation state of a cemented tibia implant and establish the method's sensitivity limits. A combined in vitro and in silico approach was pursued. Several loosening cases were simulated. The largest changes in the vibrational behavior were obtained in the frequency range above 1500 Hz. The vibrational behavior was described with two features; the frequency response function and the power spectral density band power. Using both features, all experimentally simulated loosening cases could clearly be distinguished from the fully cemented cases. By complementing the experimental work with an in silico study, it was shown that loosening of approximately 14% of the implant surface on the lateral and medial side was detectable with a vibration-based method. Proximal lateral and medial locations on the tibia or locations toward the edge of the implant surface measured in the longitudinal direction were the most sensitive measurement and excitation locations to assess implant fixation. These results contribute to the development of vibration-based methods as an alternative follow-up method to detect loosened tibia implants.