Plantar reflex excitability is increased in the evening in restless legs syndrome patients

To investigate if diurnal changes in spinal excitability (plantar reflex) occur in restless legs syndrome (RLS) participants compared to healthy matched controls. Thirteen RLS participants and 13 healthy control participants’ plantar reflex responses were evaluated in the evening (PM) and the mornin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience letters 2017-11, Vol.660, p.74-78
Main Authors: Dafkin, Chloe, Green, Andrew, Olivier, Benita, McKinon, Warrick, Kerr, Samantha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Circadian
Circadian Rhythm
Female
Foot - physiopathology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Plantar reflex
Reflex, Abnormal
Restless legs syndrome
Restless Legs Syndrome - physiopathology
Spinal Cord - physiopathology
Spinal excitability
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Summary:To investigate if diurnal changes in spinal excitability (plantar reflex) occur in restless legs syndrome (RLS) participants compared to healthy matched controls. Thirteen RLS participants and 13 healthy control participants’ plantar reflex responses were evaluated in the evening (PM) and the morning (AM). Plantar reflex responses were assessed electromyographically, using motion analysis (kinematically) and by subjective nociception (Visual Analogue Scale). RLS participants showed a circadian variation in plantar reflex responses whilst control participants did not. Evening ankle angle changes were larger and faster in RLS participants compared to morning responses. In addition RLS participants displayed significantly smaller change in ankle angle and significantly slower ankle movements in the evening and the morning as well as significantly lower lateral gastrocnemius maximum amplitude in the compared to control participants. The findings of the current study support the theory of RLS circadian fluctuations in spinal excitability. An unexpected finding was decreased plantar reflex responses in RLS participants compared to healthy control participants. However this finding supports the theory of mechanical hypoesthesia in RLS. The results of this study provide further insight into the pathophysiology of RLS, highlighting that not all sensory processing is affected in the same manner.
ISSN:0304-3940
1872-7972
DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.027