Coseismic hydrologic response of an alluvial fan to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan

Widespread coseismic change in pore-water pressure across a large alluvial fan in central Taiwan in the 1999 Chi-Chi (Mw = 7.5) earthquake was captured for the first time by a dense network of hydrologic monitoring wells. The complex, yet systematic, pattern in the water-pressure change appears inco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geology (Boulder) 2001-09, Vol.29 (9), p.831-834
Main Authors: Wang, Chi-yuen, Cheng, Li-Hsin, Chin, Chi-Van, Yu, Shui-Beih
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alluvial fans
Asia
Chi-Chi earthquake 1999
Choshui River
coseismic processes
digital terrain models
Earthquakes
Environmental geology
Far East
geologic hazards
ground motion
ground water
Groundwater
hydraulic head
Hydrology
landslides
Landslides & mudslides
levels
mass movements
mechanical properties
monitoring
pore pressure
rivers and streams
sediments
Seismology
slope stability
Taiwan
water pressure
water wells
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Summary:Widespread coseismic change in pore-water pressure across a large alluvial fan in central Taiwan in the 1999 Chi-Chi (Mw = 7.5) earthquake was captured for the first time by a dense network of hydrologic monitoring wells. The complex, yet systematic, pattern in the water-pressure change appears inconsistent with the existing models; it requires a model that is based on the nonlinear mechanical behavior of sediments under earthquake shaking. This paper presents direct field evidence that earthquake shaking causes rising pore pressure in alluvial fans, which in turn may lead to landslides, even on very gentle slopes.
ISSN:0091-7613
1943-2682
DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0831:CHROAA>2.0.CO;2