Occurrence of Selected Structural Birth Defects Among Women With Preeclampsia and Other Hypertensive Disorders

Abstract To explore a potential association between preeclampsia and selected birth defects, we examined the prevalence of certain birth defects among women with hypertensive disorders including preeclampsia. We analyzed data from 2,499,536 singleton live births in California from 2007 to 2011, incl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of epidemiology 2018-04, Vol.187 (4), p.668-676
Main Authors: Weber, Kari A, Mayo, Jonathan A, Carmichael, Suzan L, Stevenson, David K, Winn, Virginia D, Shaw, Gary M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Birth defects
Cleft lip/palate
Confidence intervals
Congenital defects
Demographics
Demography
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Disorders
Hypertension
Offspring
Pre-eclampsia
Preeclampsia
Risk assessment
Spina bifida
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Summary:Abstract To explore a potential association between preeclampsia and selected birth defects, we examined the prevalence of certain birth defects among women with hypertensive disorders including preeclampsia. We analyzed data from 2,499,536 singleton live births in California from 2007 to 2011, including maternal and infant demographics from birth certificates as well as clinical details from delivery hospitalization records. We examined defect groups that were recognizable at birth (e.g., spina bifida and cleft lip). Hypertensive disorders included preexisting hypertension, gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia/eclampsia, and preeclampsia superimposed on preexisting hypertension. Relative risk values with 95% confidence intervals for each birth defect were calculated by hypertensive group, as well as independent and joint associations of hypertensive and diabetic disorders. Risks of each type of birth defect were higher among offspring of women with hypertensive disorders compared with those without. The risks of birth defects among offspring of women with only a hypertensive disorder were significantly higher than that among women with neither hypertensive nor diabetic disorders (relative risks ranged from 1.37 to 2.77). Risks of birth defects were highest among those born to women with both hypertensive and diabetic disorders compared with those with neither (relative risks ranged from 1.80 to 6.22). These findings support the existence of an association between preeclampsia and certain birth defects and suggest that diabetes may be a contributing factor.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/aje/kwx269