Practical and mechanistic aspects of the removal of cadmium from aqueous systems using peat

A sphagnum peat moss removed Cd from aqueous solutions very efficiently, and its effectiveness in taking up the metal was significantly enhanced by exposure to a 1 N NaOH solution. The capacity of the untreated peat for Cd reached 300 g/kg and that of the NaOH-activated peat was over 400 g/kg. Altho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2005-11, Vol.138 (2), p.358-367
Main Authors: Fine, Pinchas, Scagnossi, Alessandra, Chen, Yona, Mingelgrin, Uri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Biological and physicochemical phenomena
bioremediation
cadmium
Cadmium - analysis
cation exchange capacity
CEC
Cleanup
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Exact sciences and technology
FTIR
General purification processes
groundwater contamination
Industrial Waste
metals
Natural water pollution
peat
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Sodium Hydroxide
Soil
sorption
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Sphagnum
sphagnum peat moss
transition elements
Transition metals
Waste Disposal, Fluid
Wastewaters
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
water pollution
Water Purification - methods
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:A sphagnum peat moss removed Cd from aqueous solutions very efficiently, and its effectiveness in taking up the metal was significantly enhanced by exposure to a 1 N NaOH solution. The capacity of the untreated peat for Cd reached 300 g/kg and that of the NaOH-activated peat was over 400 g/kg. Although saturation was rarely reached, the Cd uptake from concentrated solutions often exceeded 200 g/kg. In column experiments, 1 g of the NaOH-activated peat completely removed the metal from over 0.2 L of a 200-mg/L Cd solution (final Cd concentration < 0.1 mg/L), while 1 g of non-activated peat cleared Cd from less than 25% of that volume. The cation exchange capacity measured for the peat depended on the time of contact with the exchanging solution. After 72 h contact, the value for the NaOH-activated peat was 135 cmol c/kg. In addition to uptake by exchange, a significant amount of Cd was sorbed by non-exchange mechanisms. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the importance of carboxyl groups in the uptake. Peat can efficiently remove transition metals from aqueous media.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2005.03.003