Foxface Rabbitfish Toxic Spine-induced Hand Injury

• Published in: Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) Pa.), 2007-05, Vol.45 (4), p.341-341
• Main Authors: Policastro, M, Szanjnkrycer, M, Quattrone, F, Otten, E J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Lo vulpinus; Siganus
• ISSN: 1556-3650

Objective: To describe a local envenomation by a common exotic salt water trade fish with little reported information regarding the toxin or its mechanism of action. Case Report: We report the case of an avid young male aquarist with accidental distal phalanyx contact with a dorsal spine of the Foxface Rabbitfish, Siganus (Lo) vulpinus. Examination of the right index finger revealed a small punctate wound on the volar pad and subungual region with distal erythema. Proximal pallor of the digit was noted. Capillary pulse refill was normal. Range of motion of the digit was intact. Even with hot water immersion, the usual treatment of choice for fish envenomation, severe local pain persisted. Delayed relief did occur with parental narcotics. No systemic symptoms developed or long term disability. The Foxface Rabbitfish, Siganus (Lo) vulpinus, an exotic fish from the Indo-Pacific region, is popular among salt water aquarists because of brilliant colours and low maintenance. Despite their mild temperament, included among its defence mechanism is reported toxin secretion from its dorsal, pelvic and anal spine. A review of the medical and marine science literature produced little information on the type of venom or mechanism of action. Of interest, the Siganus (Lo) vulpinus appears to selectively alter its feeding based on its environment. Thus, selective feeding behaviour may be a potential mechanism of various toxin bioaccumulation and exploitation which may explain the lack of response to hot water in our patient Additionally, as with other non-native environments, specific toxins from fish may change in regard to new feeding environments. The potential toxin accumulation or change may alter its response to traditional therapeutic interventions. Further molecular biologic studies are needed to identify the specific toxic compounds and sites of action. Conclusion: With the increase in the exotic fish trade, the clinical importance of this case emphases the need for the practitioner to recognize the potential non-endemic marine toxins pertaining to the health of the public.