Modulation of scar tissue formation in injured nervous tissue cultivated on surface-engineered coralline scaffolds

Following traumatic brain injury, there is no restoration of the lost nervous tissue, mainly due to the formation of a scar. One promising strategy to overcome this hurdle is grafting scaffolds that can disturb the scar blockade, enabling cell invasion into the wound. The aragonite skeleton of coral...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials Applied biomaterials, 2018-08, Vol.106 (6), p.2295-2306
Main Authors: Weiss, Orly Eva, Hendler, Roni Mina, Canji, Eyal Aviv, Morad, Tzachy, Foox, Maytal, Francis, Yitshak, Dubinski, Zvy, Merfeld, Ido, Hammer, Liat, Baranes, Danny
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aragonite
Astrocytes
Biomedical materials
Brain
Brain slice preparation
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell culture
Cell migration
Corals
Deformation
Grafting
Head injuries
Hippocampus
Materials research
Materials science
Porosity
Restoration
Scaffolds
Surface roughness
Topology
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Following traumatic brain injury, there is no restoration of the lost nervous tissue, mainly due to the formation of a scar. One promising strategy to overcome this hurdle is grafting scaffolds that can disturb the scar blockade, enabling cell invasion into the wound. The aragonite skeleton of corals is useful scaffolds for testing this strategy, being supportive for neural cells in culture. The purpose of this work was to check if a contact between a coralline scaffold and an injured nervous tissue affects scar formation and if this effect can be regulated by engineering the scaffold's surface topology. To address that, hippocampal slices were cultivated on a coral skeleton having two distinct surface shapes: (1) intact skeleton pieces (ISP): porous, microrough surface; (2) grained skeleton (GS): nonporous, macrorough surface. On ISP, slices deformed by engulfing the scaffold's outer surface without penetrating the pores, yet, they preserved their coherence. By contrast, on GS slices were flat, but broken into interconnected small segments of tissue. In addition, whereas on ISP astrocytes were significantly more active and diffusely distributed, on GS reactive astrocytes tightened into a single
ISSN:1552-4973
1552-4981
DOI:10.1002/jbm.b.34037