Production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from starch-rich food waste catalyzed by sulfonated biochar

[Display omitted] •HMF yield of 30.4 Cmol% (∼20 wt%) from bread waste was achieved at 180 °C in 20 min.•SBC loading, temperature, and reaction time controlled starch conversion route.•HMF yield was in line with the total acidity density (TAD) of SBC.•TAD of recovered biochar catalysts was inversely...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2018-03, Vol.252, p.76-82
Main Authors: Cao, Leichang, Yu, Iris K.M., Chen, Season S., Tsang, Daniel C.W., Wang, Lei, Xiong, Xinni, Zhang, Shicheng, Ok, Yong Sik, Kwon, Eilhann E., Song, Hocheol, Poon, Chi Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomass valorization
Brønsted acid
Catalysis
Charcoal
Engineered/designer biochar
Furaldehyde - analogs & derivatives
HMF
Organic waste recycling
Solid catalyst
Starch
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Summary:[Display omitted] •HMF yield of 30.4 Cmol% (∼20 wt%) from bread waste was achieved at 180 °C in 20 min.•SBC loading, temperature, and reaction time controlled starch conversion route.•HMF yield was in line with the total acidity density (TAD) of SBC.•TAD of recovered biochar catalysts was inversely correlated with humins content.•With regeneration, SBC displayed comparable performance and excellent recyclability. Sulfonated biochar derived from forestry wood waste was employed for the catalytic conversion of starch-rich food waste (e.g., bread) into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Chemical and physical properties of catalyst were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and elemental analysis. The conversion of HMF was investigated via controlling the reaction parameters such as catalyst loading, temperature, and reaction time. Under the optimum reaction conditions the HMF yield of 30.4 Cmol% (i.e., 22 wt% of bread waste) was achieved in the mixture of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)/deionized-water (DIW) at 180 °C in 20 min. The effectiveness of sulfonated biochar catalyst was positively correlated to the density of strong/weak Brønsted acidity (SO3H, COOH, and OH groups) and inversely correlated to humins content on the surface. With regeneration process, sulfonated biochar catalyst displayed excellent recyclability for comparable HMF yield from bread waste over five cycles.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.098