ExosomesSmall Players, Big Sound

Incipiently named extracellular vesicles, exosomes are forming now a separate class of cellular mediators with important functions in physiological and pathological states. Their ability to transfer information between cells through encapsulation of proteins, nucleic acids and lipids for the preserv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioconjugate chemistry 2018-03, Vol.29 (3), p.635-648
Main Authors: Gulei, Diana, Irimie, Alexandra Iulia, Cojocneanu-Petric, Roxana, Schultze, Joachim L, Berindan-Neagoe, Ioana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cancer
Cancer Vaccines - immunology
Cancer Vaccines - therapeutic use
Cell Fractionation - methods
Cells
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Drug Delivery Systems - methods
Exosomes
Exosomes - chemistry
Exosomes - immunology
Exosomes - pathology
Humans
Immune system
Immunity
Immunologic Factors - chemistry
Immunologic Factors - immunology
Immunotherapy - methods
Lipids
MicroRNAs - chemistry
MicroRNAs - immunology
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - pathology
Neoplasms - therapy
Nucleic acids
Pathology
Preservation
Proteins
Therapeutic applications
Vesicles
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Summary:Incipiently named extracellular vesicles, exosomes are forming now a separate class of cellular mediators with important functions in physiological and pathological states. Their ability to transfer information between cells through encapsulation of proteins, nucleic acids and lipids for the preservation of the homeostatic equilibrium is translated also in pathological conditions. The recipient cells react to the reception of foreign molecules adjusting their molecular state according to the enclosed message. Cancer cells, in order to influence the microenvironment and facilitate the malignant expanding, exploit this intercellular trafficking. Immune cells are also producing exosomes that ensure the transportation of immune mediators and signaling molecules between cells. Current experimental attempts are concentrated on the adjustment of exosomes level for therapeutic purposes, enrolment of these vesicles as diagnosis or prognosis tools and also exosomes’ use as drug delivery vehicles or immune stimulatory agents.
ISSN:1043-1802
1520-4812
DOI:10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00003