Disruption of XIAP-RIP2 Association Blocks NOD2-Mediated Inflammatory Signaling

• Published in: Molecular cell 2018-02, Vol.69 (4), p.551-565.e7
• Main Authors: Goncharov, Tatiana, Hedayati, Stefanie, Mulvihill, Melinda M., Izrael-Tomasevic, Anita, Zobel, Kerry, Jeet, Surinder, Fedorova, Anna V., Eidenschenk, Celine, deVoss, Jason, Yu, Kebing, Shaw, Andrey S., Kirkpatrick, Donald S., Fairbrother, Wayne J., Deshayes, Kurt, Vucic, Domagoj
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aminoquinolines - pharmacology; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Humans; IAP antagonist; Inflammation - metabolism; Inflammation - pathology; Inflammation - prevention & control; inflammatory signaling; kinase inhibitor; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; NOD2; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - antagonists & inhibitors; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - metabolism; Phosphorylation; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs - drug effects; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2 - antagonists & inhibitors; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2 - metabolism; RIP2; RIPK2; Signal Transduction; Sulfones - pharmacology; ubiquitin; Ubiquitin - metabolism; Ubiquitination; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - antagonists & inhibitors; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - metabolism; XIAP
• ISSN: 1097-2765; 1097-4164
• DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.016

Inflammatory responses mediated by NOD2 rely on RIP2 kinase and ubiquitin ligase XIAP for the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and cytokine production. Herein, we demonstrate that selective XIAP antagonism blocks NOD2-mediated inflammatory signaling and cytokine production by interfering with XIAP-RIP2 binding, which removes XIAP from its ubiquitination substrate RIP2. We also establish that the kinase activity of RIP2 is dispensable for NOD2 signaling. Rather, the conformation of the RIP2 kinase domain functions to regulate binding to the XIAP-BIR2 domain. Effective RIP2 kinase inhibitors block NOD2 signaling by disrupting RIP2-XIAP interaction. Finally, we identify NOD2 signaling and XIAP-dependent ubiquitination sites on RIP2 and show that mutating these lysine residues adversely affects NOD2 pathway signaling. Overall, these results reveal a critical role for the XIAP-RIP2 interaction in NOD2 inflammatory signaling and provide a molecular basis for the design of innovative therapeutic strategies based on XIAP antagonists and RIP2 kinase inhibitors. [Display omitted] •NOD2 requires RIP2 kinase and E3 XIAP for the activation of inflammatory signaling•XIAP antagonists block NOD2 signaling by interfering with XIAP binding to RIP2•The kinase activity of RIP2 is dispensable for NOD2 signaling•RIP2 kinase inhibitors block NOD2 signaling by disrupting RIP2-XIAP interaction Goncharov et al. demonstrate that the kinase activity of RIP2 is dispensable for NOD2 signaling. Instead, effective RIP2 kinase inhibitors block NOD2 signaling by disrupting RIP2-XIAP interaction in a similar fashion as XIAP antagonists. These findings provide a novel therapeutic strategy for targeting the NOD2 pathway.