Micro‐environment and intracellular metabolism modulation of adipose tissue macrophage polarization in relation to chronic inflammatory diseases

Summary The accumulation and pro‐inflammatory polarization of immune cells, mainly macrophages, in adipose tissue (AT) are considered crucial factors for obesity‐induced chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we highlighted the role of adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) polarization on AT funct...

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Published in:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews 2018-07, Vol.34 (5), p.e2993-n/a
Main Authors: Zhu, Xiao, Tu, Yixuan, Chen, Hainan, Jackson, Ampadu O., Patel, Vaibhav, Yin, Kai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - physiopathology
Animals
ATMs
Cardiovascular diseases
Cholesterol
Chronic Disease
Fatty acids
Glycolysis
Humans
inflammation
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammatory diseases
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Intracellular
macrophage polarization
Macrophages
Macrophages - pathology
metabolic diseases
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
Obesity
Oxidation
Phenotypes
Polarization
Vitamin D
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Summary:Summary The accumulation and pro‐inflammatory polarization of immune cells, mainly macrophages, in adipose tissue (AT) are considered crucial factors for obesity‐induced chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we highlighted the role of adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) polarization on AT function in the obese state and the effect of the micro‐environment and intracellular metabolism on the dynamic switch of ATMs into their pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory phenotypes, which may have distinct influences on obesity‐related chronic inflammatory diseases. Obesity‐associated metabolic dysfunctions, including those of glucose, fatty acid, cholesterol, and other nutrient substrates such as vitamin D and iron in AT, promote the pro‐inflammatory polarization of ATMs and AT inflammation via regulating the interaction between ATMs and adipocytes and intracellular metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and reverse cholesterol transportation. Focusing on the regulation of ATM metabolism will provide a novel target for the treatment of obesity‐related chronic inflammatory diseases, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers.
ISSN:1520-7552
1520-7560
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.2993