Specific problems in visual cognition of dyslexic readers: Face discrimination deficits predict dyslexia over and above discrimination of scrambled faces and novel objects

Evidence of interdependencies of face and word processing mechanisms suggest possible links between reading problems and abnormal face processing. In two experiments we assessed such high-level visual deficits in people with a history of reading problems. Experiment 1 showed that people who were wor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cognition 2018-06, Vol.175, p.157-168
Main Authors: Sigurdardottir, Heida Maria, Fridriksdottir, Liv Elisabet, Gudjonsdottir, Sigridur, Kristjánsson, Árni
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Cognition
Discrimination
Dyslexia
Face
Face perception
Information processing
Language
Matching
Noise
Object perception
Pattern recognition
Reading
Reading disabilities
Visual discrimination
Visual expertise
Visual perception
Visual processing
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Summary:Evidence of interdependencies of face and word processing mechanisms suggest possible links between reading problems and abnormal face processing. In two experiments we assessed such high-level visual deficits in people with a history of reading problems. Experiment 1 showed that people who were worse at face matching had greater reading problems. In experiment 2, matched dyslexic and typical readers were tested, and difficulties with face matching were consistently found to predict dyslexia over and above both novel-object matching as well as matching noise patterns that shared low-level visual properties with faces. Furthermore, ADHD measures could not account for face matching problems. We speculate that reading difficulties in dyslexia are partially caused by specific deficits in high-level visual processing, in particular for visual object categories such as faces and words with which people have extensive experience.
ISSN:0010-0277
1873-7838
DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2018.02.017