Occupational mobility among individuals in entry‐level healthcare jobs in the USA

• Published in: Journal of advanced nursing 2018-07, Vol.74 (7), p.1628-1638
• Main Authors: Snyder, Cyndy R., Dahal, Arati, Frogner, Bianca K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: allied health; Assistants; Career advancement; career pathway; Career transitions; Careers; Health care; health workforce; Higher education; Households; job mobility; Longitudinal studies; Medical education; Medical personnel; Nursing; Nursing assistants; Occupational mobility; Occupations; panel data; Polls & surveys; Public opinion; Workforce
• ISSN: 0309-2402; 1365-2648
• DOI: 10.1111/jan.13577

Aims The aim of this study was to explore career transitions among individuals in select entry‐level healthcare occupations. Background Entry‐level healthcare occupations are among the fastest growing occupations in the USA. Public perception is that the healthcare industry provides an opportunity for upward career mobility given the low education requirements to enter many healthcare occupations. The assumption that entry‐level healthcare occupations, such as nursing assistant, lead to higher‐skilled occupations, such as Registered Nurse, is under‐explored. Design We analysed data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, which is a nationally representative and publicly available longitudinal survey of US households. Methods Using longitudinal survey data, we examined the job transitions and associated characteristics among individuals in five entry‐level occupations at the aide/assistant level over 10 years timeline (2003–2013) to determine whether they stayed in health care and/or moved up in occupational level over time. Results/Findings This study found limited evidence of career progression in health care in that only a few of the individuals in entry‐level healthcare occupations moved into occupations such as nursing that required higher education. While many individuals remained in their occupations throughout the study period, we found that 28% of our sample moved out of these entry‐level occupations and into another occupation. The most common “other” occupation categories were “office/administrative” and “personal care/services occupations.” Whether these moves helped individuals advance their careers remains unclear. Conclusion Employers and educational institutions should consider efforts to help clarify pathways to advance the careers of individuals in entry‐level healthcare occupations.