Resting energy expenditure and body composition in patients with head and neck cancer: An observational study leading to a new predictive equation

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2018-07, Vol.51-52, p.60-65
• Main Authors: Souza, Micheline Tereza Pires, Singer, Pierre, Ozorio, Gislaine Aparecida, Rosa, Vitor Modesto, Alves, Maria Manuela Ferreira, Mendoza López, Rossana Verónica, Waitzberg, Dan L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Anthropometry; Body composition; Body mass index; Body size; Calorimetry; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; Classification; Confidence intervals; Energy expenditure; Energy measurement; Fat-free body mass; Harris-Benedict; Head; Head & neck cancer; Head and neck cancer; Hydration; Indirect calorimetry; Inflammation; Malnutrition; Mathematical models; Metabolism; Nutrition; Nutritional status; Observational studies; Older people; Patients; Predictive equations; Radiation therapy; Resting energy expenditure; Sarcopenia; Surgery; Thermogenesis
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.12.006

•Patients with head and neck cancer are hypermetabolic.•In the present study, we propose a new prediction formula for the calculation of resting energy expenditure in this population.•The formula is based on sex, body weight, and fat-free mass and needs validation. Patients with head and neck cancer have changes in body composition and resting energy expenditure (REE) related to significant inflammatory processes. We investigated REE and body composition in a population of patients with head and neck cancer, comparing the measured REE with predicted energy expenditure and deriving an equation of anthropometric values and body composition. This retrospective, observational, descriptive study of a single center included patients with head and neck cancer. We evaluated nutritional status by body mass index (BMI) and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), body composition by electric bioimpedance, and REE by indirect calorimetry (IC). We included 140 patients, most of whom were men (80.7%), 60 y or older (58.6%), and had advanced disease (77.9%). Most were malnourished by BMI standards (77.9%) and severely malnourished according to the PG-SGA (49.3%), with a fat-free mass below the ideal values (82.9%) associated with sarcopenia (92.1%). Hypermetabolism was 57%. When comparing REE with the Harris-Benedict formula, we found the agreement limits from −546 613 to 240 708, the mean difference was −152 953 (95% confidence interval [CI], −185 844 to −120 062) and Pitman's variance test was r = −0.294 (P = 0.001). When we included the activity factor and the thermogenesis factor in REE and compared with Harris-Benedict, we found the agreement limits from −764.423 to 337.087, a mean difference of −213.668 (95% CI −259.684 to −167.652), and the Pitman's variance text at r = −0.292 (P = 0.001). Predictive equations, generally recommended by guidelines, are imprecise when compared with IC measures. Therefore, we suggest a new predictive equation.