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Preservative efficacy of selected antimicrobials of natural origin in a cosmetic emulsion
Objective To investigate the efficacy of 13 antimicrobial substances (11 substances of natural origin and two conventional preservatives as controls) at two concentrations in an o/w cosmetic emulsion. Methods Cosmetic formulations were analysed for total aerobic bacterial count and total combined ye...
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Published in: | International journal of cosmetic science 2018-06, Vol.40 (3), p.276-284 |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Objective
To investigate the efficacy of 13 antimicrobial substances (11 substances of natural origin and two conventional preservatives as controls) at two concentrations in an o/w cosmetic emulsion.
Methods
Cosmetic formulations were analysed for total aerobic bacterial count and total combined yeast count according to the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0. Challenge tests were performed according to the ISO 11930 standard.
Results
The total aerobic bacterial count, the total combined yeast count and the total aerobic mesophilic microorganisms were below the acceptable limit for all cosmetic formulations. Challenge test criterion A was fulfilled by all antimicrobials of natural origin, except levulinic acid in the challenge test with Candida albicans, Lactobacillus ferment in the challenge test with C. albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and grapefruit seed extract in the challenge test with C. albicans. Phenoxyethanol and the combination of methylparaben and propylparaben were inefficient at the minimum studied concentrations.
Conclusion
The results offer important comparative data on the level of preservative efficacy within the group of antimicrobials of natural origin and in reference to some typical, widely used conventional preservatives. Further research must be encouraged regarding cosmetic over‐preservation.
Résumé
Objectif
Étudier l'efficacité de 13 substances antimicrobiennes (11 substances d'origine naturelle et deux conservateurs conventionnels comme substances témoins), à deux concentrations différentes, dans une émulsion cosmétique H/E.
Méthodes
Les formulations cosmétiques ont été analysées en termes de dénombrement totale des germes aérobies et de dénombrement totale des levures combinées, selon la pharmacopée européenne 8.0. Les tests de challenge tests ont été effectués conformément à la norme ISO 11930.
Résultats
La dénombrement total des germes aérobies, la dénombrement total des levures combinées et la flore mésophile aérobie totale étaient inférieures à la limite acceptable, dans l'ensemble des formulations cosmétiques. Tous les antimicrobiens d'origine naturelle ont rempli le critère A du challenge test, à l'exception de l'acide lévulinique dans le challenge test à Candida albicans, du ferment Lactobacillus dans le challenge test à C. albicans et Pseudomonas aeruginosa, et de l'extrait de graine de pamplemousse dans le challenge test à C. albicans. Le phénoxyéthanol et l'association de méthylparabène et propylparabène étaient inefficace |
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ISSN: | 0142-5463 1468-2494 |
DOI: | 10.1111/ics.12461 |