Trends in non-medical prescription opioids and heroin co-use among adults, 2003–2014

Patterns in non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) and heroin use have recently shifted, with evidence that NMPO-only users transition to NMPO and heroin co-use. Co-use is associated with increased risk of morbidity and overdose, highlighting the need for further investigation. This study aims to qu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Addictive behaviors 2018-11, Vol.86, p.17-23
Main Authors: Mital, Sasha, Windle, Michael, Cooper, Hannah L.F., Crawford, Natalie D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Analgesics, Opioid
Cannabis
Chi-square test
Co-use
Comorbidity
Demographics
Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Drug use
Female
Heroin
Heroin Dependence - epidemiology
Humans
Male
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - epidemiology
Middle Aged
Morbidity
Narcotics
Opioid-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Opioids
Overdose
Prescription Drug Misuse - trends
Prescription opioids
Prevalence
Regression analysis
Risk groups
Stress, Psychological - epidemiology
Substance use
Trends
United States - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:Patterns in non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) and heroin use have recently shifted, with evidence that NMPO-only users transition to NMPO and heroin co-use. Co-use is associated with increased risk of morbidity and overdose, highlighting the need for further investigation. This study aims to quantify, describe, and explore trends in co-use. Using data from the 2003–2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, we compared co-use to NMPO- and heroin-only use across demographic, substance use and mental health characteristics with chi-squared tests. Logistic regression models assessed trends in opioid use overall, and among co-users. From 2003 to 2014, the prevalence of all opioid use (NMPO-only, heroin-only, and co-use) and NMPO-only use decreased 6.08% (p 
ISSN:0306-4603
1873-6327
DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.05.005