Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance and angle are higher in children with patellar instability

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the variations in tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance and angle as a function of age and gender in a population of children without patellar instability (PI) compared with those with PI. Methods A retrospective review of 869 children’s knee MRIs,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2018-12, Vol.26 (12), p.3566-3571
Main Authors: Bayhan, Ilhan A., Kirat, Akay, Alpay, Yakup, Ozkul, Baris, Kargin, Deniz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age
Alignment
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Female
Femur - diagnostic imaging
Girls
Humans
Joint Instability - physiopathology
Knee
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Orthopedics
Patellofemoral Joint - diagnostic imaging
Patellofemoral Joint - physiopathology
Reliability analysis
Reproducibility of Results
Retrospective Studies
Stability
Stability analysis
Tibia - diagnostic imaging
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Summary:Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the variations in tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance and angle as a function of age and gender in a population of children without patellar instability (PI) compared with those with PI. Methods A retrospective review of 869 children’s knee MRIs, ages 5 to 15 years, were evaluated using a control group (792 children) without evidence of PI and a group with PI (77 children). Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance (TT–TGd) and angle (TT–TGa) were measured twice by two readers to assess intra- and inter-observer reliability and compared between PI and control groups. In both groups, functions of age and gender on TT–TGd and TT–TGa values were evaluated. Results Both TT–TGd and TT–TGa measurements showed excellent intra- and inter-observer reliability. The mean TT–TGd for the PI group was 17.2 mm (SD 6.6) and significantly higher than the mean TT–TGd for the control group (10.4 SD 3.8 mm, P  = 0.001). The mean TT–TGa for the PI was 20.8° (SD 8.3°), which was also significantly higher than the mean TT–TGa for the control group (12.5° SD 4.6°, P  
ISSN:0942-2056
1433-7347
DOI:10.1007/s00167-018-4997-0