Genetic identification of wild and domesticated strains of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in southern British Columbia, Canada

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are the predominant indigenous salmonid reared in marine aquaculture in British Columbia (BC), Canada. As such, domesticated chinook strains may represent the greatest potential source of genetic interaction between wild and domesticated salmon in BC rivers....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture 2007, Vol.272, p.S161-S171
Main Authors: Withler, Ruth E., Rundle, Tim, Beacham, Terry D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal aquaculture
Animal populations
Animal productions
Animal reproduction
Aquaculture
Biological and medical sciences
Brackish
Chinook salmon
domestic animals
Domesticated
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene frequency
Gene loci
General aspects
Genetic diversity
genetic variation
Identification
Marine
Microsatellite
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Salmon
simulation models
Wild
wild animals
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Summary:Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are the predominant indigenous salmonid reared in marine aquaculture in British Columbia (BC), Canada. As such, domesticated chinook strains may represent the greatest potential source of genetic interaction between wild and domesticated salmon in BC rivers. This survey of eight domesticated strains (combined N=1100) at 13 microsatellite loci confirmed the close relationship of the domesticated strains to east coast Vancouver Island wild populations from which they were derived five to seven generations earlier, but revealed that domesticated strains possess significantly less allelic diversity than their wild progenitors and other wild chinook salmon populations throughout the species range. Maximum-likelihood analysis of simulated mixtures of wild and domesticated chinook salmon and Bayesian classification of individual domesticated chinook salmon indicated that sufficient genetic differentiation exists to enable highly accurate identification of both wild and domesticated chinook salmon to type over the species range from Russia to California. Moreover, the domesticated strains tended to be distinct from each other (average pairwise FST=0.05, range 0.01–0.07), enabling accurate classification (>90%) of domesticated fish to strain of origin. These results indicate that genetic methods can be used to identify escaped domesticated chinook salmon in BC and perhaps to monitor the success of their reproductive activity.
ISSN:0044-8486
1873-5622
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.08.001