Periodontal treatment limits platelet activation in patients with periodontitis—a controlled‐randomized intervention trial

Aim Periodontitis results in platelet activation and enhanced risk for cardiovascular disease. As it is currently unknown whether periodontal treatment reverses platelet hyper‐reactivity, we aimed to investigate the role of periodontal treatment on platelet activation. Materials and Methods In a pro...

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Published in:Journal of clinical periodontology 2018-09, Vol.45 (9), p.1090-1097
Main Authors: Laky, Markus, Anscheringer, Isabella, Wolschner, Lukas, Heber, Stefan, Haririan, Hady, Schrottmaier, Waltraud C., Kral‐Pointner, Julia B., Salzmann, Manuel, Volf, Ivo, Moritz, Andreas, Assinger, Alice
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
CD40L protein
Collagen
Fibrinogen
Flow cytometry
Gum disease
Humans
Light effects
Patients
periodontal treatment
Periodontitis
Platelet Activation
Platelet Aggregation
Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
platelets
Prospective Studies
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
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Summary:Aim Periodontitis results in platelet activation and enhanced risk for cardiovascular disease. As it is currently unknown whether periodontal treatment reverses platelet hyper‐reactivity, we aimed to investigate the role of periodontal treatment on platelet activation. Materials and Methods In a prospective controlled therapeutic trial, 52 patients were enrolled and randomly selected for periodontal treatment or monitored without treatment for 3 months. Patient blood was analysed by flow cytometry for platelet activation markers and by light transmission aggregometry for platelet aggregation in response to pro‐thrombotic stimuli. Results In this study, platelet activation in the control group aggravated over the observation period of 3 months, whereas patients that underwent periodontal treatment showed unchanged levels of platelet activation, measured by surface expression of CD62P, CD40L, generation of reactive oxygen production, activation of GPIIb/IIIa and fibrinogen binding. Moreover, platelet turnover, measured by platelet RNA content and platelet aggregation in response to collagen, differed significantly between patients that were treated and those who were untreated. Conclusions Subgingival debridement reduces the risk of aggravated platelet activation and therefore might potentially diminish subsequent diseases such as cardiovascular disease in periodontal patients.
ISSN:0303-6979
1600-051X
DOI:10.1111/jcpe.12980