Amount of daily exercise is an essential stimulation to alter the epigenome of skeletal muscle in rats

Long-term running training causes epigenetic changes in the skeletal muscles. Here we tested the effects of the total amount or duration of running training on the distribution of histones in the rat plantaris muscle. Post-weaned young rats were assigned to three different training groups: Run-1, 30...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2018-10, Vol.125 (4), p.1097-1104
Main Authors: Ohsawa, Ikumi, Konno, Ryotaro, Masuzawa, Ryo, Kawano, Fuminori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Chromatin
Citrate synthase
Endurance
Epigenetics
Exchanging
Exercise
Genes
Histones
Immunoprecipitation
Muscles
Physical training
Rats
Running
Skeletal muscle
Training
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Summary:Long-term running training causes epigenetic changes in the skeletal muscles. Here we tested the effects of the total amount or duration of running training on the distribution of histones in the rat plantaris muscle. Post-weaned young rats were assigned to three different training groups: Run-1, 30 min/day running exercise for 8-wk using an animal treadmill at 24 m/min; Run-2, 15 min/day for 8-wk; and Run-3, 60 min/day for 4-wk. Citrate synthase activity was not significantly changed by running training, although the slight increase was observed in Run-3. Genes that were previously defined as showing the typical responses to running training were targeted to measure the distribution of histones using chromatin immunoprecipitation. The distribution of acetylated histone 3 was elevated in Run-2 and Run-3, but not in Run-1. Incorporation of H3.3 into the nucleosome was stimulated in Run-1, whereas H3.3 distribution was unchanged in Run-2 or down-regulated in Run-3. Significant down-regulation of H3.3 expression was also detected in Run-3. We further checked the responses of the target genes during acute running. Target genes were transcriptionally activated and histone acetylation was stimulated at the loci in response to acute running. These results suggested that the exchange of the histone component to H3.3 was stimulated by running training, inhibiting the accumulation of acetylated histones in Run-1. Additionally, it was further suggested that the enhanced daily amount of running caused changes in the H3.3 expression, affecting the rate of the histone exchange in Run-3.
ISSN:8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00074.2018