The associated risk factors for coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic individuals with and without diabetes in rural Central Appalachia

To examine the risk factor of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in individuals with diabetes and those without diabetes in Central Appalachia. Study population included 2479 asymptomatic participants who underwent CAC screening between August 2012 and November 2016. CAC score was classified into four ca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of diabetes and its complications 2018-10, Vol.32 (10), p.900-905
Main Authors: Mamudu, Hadii M., Subedi, Pooja, Paul, Timir, Alamin, Ali E., Alamian, Arsham, Wang, Liang, Stewart, David, Jones, Antwan, Harirforoosh, Sam, Blackwell, Gerald, Budoff, Matthew
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Atherosclerosis
Body mass index
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Central Appalachia
Coronary artery calcium
Coronary vessels
Diabetes
Family medical history
Health disparities
Health risk assessment
Hypertension
Mortality
Obesity
Risk factors
Subclinical atherosclerosis
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Summary:To examine the risk factor of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in individuals with diabetes and those without diabetes in Central Appalachia. Study population included 2479 asymptomatic participants who underwent CAC screening between August 2012 and November 2016. CAC score was classified into four categories [0 (no plaque), 1–99 (mild plaque), 100–399 (moderate plaque), and ≥400 (severe plaque)]. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the association between CAC and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among participants with diabetes, age and gender matched controls, and randomly selected controls. 13.6% of total participants had diabetes. Around 69%, 59.8%, and 57.7% of the participants with diabetes, matched controls, and randomly selected controls had CAC score ≥1, respectively. Participants with diabetes had higher prevalence of all CVD risk factors than controls. Among participants with diabetes, hypertension and physical inactivity increased the odds of CAC = 100–399, while among those without diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesteremia increased the odds of having CAC = 1–99 and CAC ≥ 400. Half of study participants had subclinical atherosclerosis (i.e., CAC), and individuals with diabetes had higher CAC scores. This study suggests that individuals with diabetes in Central Appalachia might benefit from screening for CAC.
ISSN:1056-8727
1873-460X
DOI:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.07.006