Fungi isolated from cankers and galls on hickories exhibiting crown decline or dieback

Diffuse cankers without surrounding callus, callused-over annual cankers and globose galls were commonly found on stems of hickories with crown decline or dieback during 2007 and 2008 field surveys in Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Ohio and Wisconsin. Crown decline exhibiting sparse crown with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytopathology 2009-06, Vol.99 (6), p.S99-S99
Main Authors: Park, J, Juzwik, J, Shaw, C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ceratocystis
Fusarium
Phomopsis
Solanum tuberosum
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Summary:Diffuse cankers without surrounding callus, callused-over annual cankers and globose galls were commonly found on stems of hickories with crown decline or dieback during 2007 and 2008 field surveys in Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Ohio and Wisconsin. Crown decline exhibiting sparse crown with small, chlorotic leaves was distinguished from crown dieback with dead tops but normal green leaves below. Samples (1.5 cm super(3)) from discolored sapwood associated with cankers or galls were kept in moist chambers to stimulate formation of fungal fruiting structures while smaller wood chips were plated on lactic acid-amended potato dextrose agar. Spore masses were transferred to streptomycin sulfate-amended malt yeast extract agar. Of 160 diffuse cankers on 32 trees exhibiting crown decline, 66 cankers representing 26 trees yielded Ceratocystis spp. while 28 cankers from 14 trees yielded Fusarium spp. For 112 annual cankers on 22 trees with crown dieback, Fusarium spp. were isolated from 32 cankers from 16 trees. Only three of seven trees with galls yielded Ceratocystis spp., Fusarium spp., or Phomopsis spp. The majority of the Ceratocystis isolates were tentatively identified as C. smalleyi; the remaining isolates were C. caryae. If confirmed, these results will constitute the first report of Ceratocystis spp. on hickory in IN, MN, NY and OH. The Ceratocysis spp. and Phomopsis spp. have been reported in the other states as pathogens on hickory, but Fusarium spp. have not.
ISSN:0031-949X