Associations of High-Density Lipoprotein Particle and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Alcohol Intake, Smoking, and Body Mass Index　― The INTERLIPID Study

• Published in: Circulation Journal 2018/09/25, Vol.82(10), pp.2557-2565
• Main Authors: Zaid, Maryam, Miura, Katsuyuki, Okayama, Akira, Nakagawa, Hideaki, Sakata, Kiyomi, Saitoh, Shigeyuki, Okuda, Nagako, Yoshita, Katsushi, Choudhury, Sohel R., Rodriguez, Beatriz, Masaki, Kamal, Willcox, Bradley, Miyagawa, Naoko, Okamura, Tomonori, Chan, Queenie, Elliott, Paul, Stamler, Jeremiah, Ueshima, Hirotsugu, for the INTERLIPID and INTERMAP Research Groups
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Alcohol; Alcohol Drinking - blood; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; High-density lipoprotein particle; Humans; Japan - epidemiology; Life Style; Lipoproteins, HDL - blood; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Smoking; Smoking - blood
• ISSN: 1346-9843; 1347-4820; 1347-4820
• DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-18-0341

Background: Recently, high-density lipoprotein particles (HDL-P) have been found to be more strongly inversely associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk than their counterpart, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). Given that lifestyle is among the first targets in CAD prevention, we compared the associations of HDL-P and HDL-C with selected lifestyle factors. Methods and Results: We examined 789 Japanese participants of the INTERLIPID Study: men (n=386) and women (n=403) aged 40–59 years in 1996–1998. Participants treated for dyslipidemias were excluded. Lifestyle factors included alcohol intake, smoking amount, and body mass index (BMI). Multivariable linear regression was used for cross-sectional analyses of these factors with HDL-P, HDL-C, HDL-P size subclasses (small, medium and large) and mean HDL-P size. In men, higher alcohol intake was associated with higher HDL-P and higher HDL-C. The associations of alcohol, however, were strongest with HDL-P. A higher smoking amount tended to be associated with lower HDL-P and HDL-C. In contrast, BMI was not associated with HDL-P, but was strongly inversely associated with HDL-C. While alcohol intake favored larger mean HDL-P size, smoking and BMI favored a lipid profile with smaller HDL-P subclasses and overall smaller mean HDL-P size. Similar, but generally weaker results were observed in women. Conclusions: Although both HDL-P and HDL-C are parameters of HDL, they have different associations with alcohol, smoking and BMI.