Lifestyle Clusters in School-Aged Youth and Longitudinal Associations with Fatness: The UP&DOWN Study

To identify lifestyle clusters in children and adolescents, to analyze associations between lifestyle clusters and body fat percentage (BFP) at baseline and 2 years later, and to examine if BFP at baseline is associated with BFP 2 years later. This longitudinal study involved 1634 Spanish youth (804...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of pediatrics 2018-12, Vol.203, p.317-324.e1
Main Authors: Sánchez-Oliva, David, Grao-Cruces, Alberto, Carbonell-Baeza, Ana, Cabanas-Sánchez, Verónica, Veiga, Oscar L., Castro-Piñero, José
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity
Adolescent
adolescents
Age Factors
body fat
Child
Child Behavior
children
Cluster Analysis
Diet
Exercise
Female
Health Behavior
Humans
Life Style
lifestyle behaviors
Longitudinal Studies
longitudinal study
Male
Overweight
Pediatric Obesity
Schools
Sedentary Behavior
Spain
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Summary:To identify lifestyle clusters in children and adolescents, to analyze associations between lifestyle clusters and body fat percentage (BFP) at baseline and 2 years later, and to examine if BFP at baseline is associated with BFP 2 years later. This longitudinal study involved 1634 Spanish youth (804 girls) aged 8-18 years (mean, 12.45 ± 2.51 years). Cluster analysis was performed by including objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity and self-reported screen time and diet. The associations between cluster membership and BFP was analyzed through general linear models. All the analyses were separated by 3 age groups: older children, younger adolescents, and older adolescents. Four clusters were identified in the 3 age groups: (1) healthy lifestyle cluster (high moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, low screen and total sedentary time), (2) predominantly sedentary cluster, (3) mainly screen time consumers cluster, and (4) nonhealthy lifestyle cluster (predominantly low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and unhealthy diet). Participants belonging to the healthy lifestyle cluster showed significantly lower BFP at baseline and 2 years later compared with the other profiles. These differences remained significant when adjusted by BFP at baseline within the younger adolescents. Moreover, BFP at baseline positively predicted BFP 2 years later in all groups. These findings identify distinct lifestyle patterns. These clusters could be useful to develop interventions to reduce overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
ISSN:0022-3476
1097-6833
DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.092