Current Status of Invasive Alien Birch-Leafmining Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in Canada, with Keys to Species

In the 20th century, five species of birch-leafmining sawflies were inadvertently introduced from Europe to North America: Heterarthrus nemoratus (Fallén), Fenusa pumila Leach, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow), Fenusella nana (Klug), and Scolioneura vicina Konow. All have been recorded at outbreak levels...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian entomologist 2009-06, Vol.141 (3), p.201-235
Main Authors: Digweed, Scott C., MacQuarrie, Chris J.K., Langor, David W., Williams, Daryl J.M., Spence, John R., Nystrom, Kathryn L., Morneau, Louis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Betula
Biological and medical sciences
Biological control
Control
Entomology
Fenusa
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
geographical distribution
host plants
Hymenoptera
insect biology
insect morphology
insect taxonomy
Insects
introduced species
invasive species
leafminers
natural enemies
Nonnative species
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Protozoa. Invertebrates
Records, symptoms, damages, economic importance, population surveys
Review / Synthèse
sawflies
taxonomic keys
Tenthredinidae
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Summary:In the 20th century, five species of birch-leafmining sawflies were inadvertently introduced from Europe to North America: Heterarthrus nemoratus (Fallén), Fenusa pumila Leach, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow), Fenusella nana (Klug), and Scolioneura vicina Konow. All have been recorded at outbreak levels in North America, and three (F. pumila, P. thomsoni, and H. nemoratus) have been the targets of successful biological control programs. The most recently detected species, F. nana and S. vicina, are good candidates for future biological control in Canada. We review the biology of all five of these birch-leafmining sawflies in North America and present keys to adults, larvae, and mines to aid correct identification.
ISSN:0008-347X
1918-3240
DOI:10.4039/n09-003