Benzodiazepines and risk of pneumonia in schizophrenia: a nationwide case–control study

Objectives To investigate the relationship between benzodiazepine and risk of developing pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia, whose benzodiazepine dosage and usage frequency was higher than that of the general population. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study to assess the associatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychopharmacology 2018-11, Vol.235 (11), p.3329-3338
Main Authors: Cheng, Sheng-Yun, Chen, Wen-Yin, Liu, Hsing-Cheng, Yang, Tien-Wei, Pan, Chun-Hung, Yang, Shu-Yu, Kuo, Chian-Jue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines - administration & dosage
Benzodiazepines - adverse effects
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Case-Control Studies
Cohort Studies
Databases, Factual - trends
Diazepam
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Exposure
Female
Health risk assessment
Humans
Insurance Claim Reporting - trends
Lorazepam
Male
Mental disorders
Midazolam
Middle Aged
Neurosciences
Original Investigation
Patients
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pneumonia
Pneumonia - chemically induced
Pneumonia - epidemiology
Psychiatry
Regression analysis
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - drug therapy
Schizophrenia - epidemiology
Taiwan - epidemiology
Triazolam
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Summary:Objectives To investigate the relationship between benzodiazepine and risk of developing pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia, whose benzodiazepine dosage and usage frequency was higher than that of the general population. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study to assess the association between benzodiazepine use and pneumonia among patients with schizophrenia. By using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified a schizophrenia cohort comprising 34,929 patients during 2000–2010. Within the schizophrenia cohort, 2501 cases of pneumonia and 9961 matched control patients (1:4 ratio) were identified. Benzodiazepine exposure was categorized by drug, treatment duration, and daily dose. Conditional logistic regression models were used to examine the association between benzodiazepine exposure and the risk of pneumonia. Results The current use (within 30 days) of midazolam led to the highest pneumonia risk (adjusted risk ratio = 6.56, P  
ISSN:0033-3158
1432-2072
DOI:10.1007/s00213-018-5039-9