Effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on inflammatory markers and muscle damage indices of soccer players after a simulated soccer match

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2019-03, Vol.59, p.37-43
• Main Authors: Parsaie, Narges, Ghavamzadeh, Saeed, Cheraghi, Mahdi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Adult; Athletes; Athletic Performance - physiology; Biomarkers - blood; Body Mass Index; C-reactive protein; Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage; Computer Simulation; Creatine; Creatine kinase; Cytokines; Damage; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Fatigue; Heart rate; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators - blood; Ingestion; Interleukin 6; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactic acid; Male; Markers; Maximum oxygen consumption; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscles; Oxidative stress; Oxygen Consumption; Physical fitness; Players; Proteins; Questionnaires; Simulation; Soccer; Soccer - physiology; Sport; Supplements; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives; Vitamin D - blood; Vitamin E; Vitamins - administration & dosage; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.028

•Supplementing with 50 000 IU/wk of cholecalciferol for 8 wk increased the serum vitamin D concentration in deficient and insufficient athletes to up to 53.93 ng/mL.•Athletes should monitor their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels throughout the year, especially in winter.•Supplementing with cholecalciferol can elevate interleukin-6 levels, which may accelerate the recovery and adaptation to exercise. Soccer-induced muscle damage and inflammation lead to a reduction in athletic performance. The aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation with cholecalciferol would reduce inflammation and muscle damage in soccer players after a simulated soccer match. Twenty-two soccer players (median age 27 y, interquartile range 5 y) were divided randomly into two groups, as follows: a cholecalciferol group (n = 11) and a placebo group (n = 11). Cholecalciferol supplements (50 000 IU/wk) or placebos were administered to the groups by an independent co-worker. After 8 wk, the athletes participated in a simulated soccer match, and perceived exertion and heart rates were measured during the trial. Blood samples were obtained presupplementation, postsupplementation, immediately after, and 2- and 24-h postexercise for measurement of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin (IL)-6. The intervention group demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (53.93, 10.68 ng/mL, P < 0.0001), which is the best indicator of vitamin D levels in the body, with no change in the circulating markers of muscle damage and CRP (P ˃ 0.05) but showed increased IL-6 (P = 0.034). In addition, the ratings of perceived exertion and heart rates were not altered by vitamin D compared with placebo ingestion (P = 0.155 versus P = 0.261; P = 0.600 versus P = 0.983). The study showed that 50 000 IU/wk of cholecalciferol supplementation for 8 wk increased the 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, with no effect on muscle damage indices or CRP. However, The IL-6 concentration was generally higher in the intervention group.