miR‐146a‐5p: Expression, regulation, and functions in cancer

Cancer as we know it is actually an umbrella term for over 100 very unique malignancies in various tissues throughout the human body. Each type, and even subtype of cancer, has different genetic, epigenetic, and other cellular events responsible for malignant development and metastasis. Recent work...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 2019-07, Vol.10 (4), p.e1533-n/a
Main Authors: Iacona, Joseph R., Lutz, Carol S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Metastases
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
miR‐146a
Neoplasms - physiopathology
oncomiR
Riboswitches
RNA-mediated interference
tumor suppressor
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Cancer as we know it is actually an umbrella term for over 100 very unique malignancies in various tissues throughout the human body. Each type, and even subtype of cancer, has different genetic, epigenetic, and other cellular events responsible for malignant development and metastasis. Recent work has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in these processes, sometimes by promoting cancer growth and other times by suppressing tumorigenesis. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate expression of specific target genes. This review goes into an in‐depth look at the most recent finding regarding the significance of one particular miRNA, miR‐146a‐5p, and its involvement in cancer. Target gene validation and pathway analysis have provided mechanistic insight into this miRNA's purpose in assorted tissues. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings that suggest miR‐146a‐5p may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several cancers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs miR‐146a acts as a tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) in some cancers and as an oncogenic miRNA in others. Studies suggest that this miRNA is tumor suppressive in non‐small cell lung cancer cells. Pictured here are the genetic and epigenetic events responsible for miR‐146a repression in this disease, along with the cellular consequences of decreased miR‐146a expression. Direct miR‐146a target genes become overexpressed, leading to increased cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and cell survival.
ISSN:1757-7004
1757-7012
DOI:10.1002/wrna.1533