Loading…
Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review
Objective To study the effect of zinc supplementation in children under 5 years of age from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on anthropometry and prevalence of malnutrition. Design Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized trials. Setting Low- and middle-income...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Indian pediatrics 2019-05, Vol.56 (5), p.391-406 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3 |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3 |
| container_end_page | 406 |
| container_issue | 5 |
| container_start_page | 391 |
| container_title | Indian pediatrics |
| container_volume | 56 |
| creator | Gera, Tarun Shah, Dheeraj Sachdev, Harshpal Singh |
| description | Objective
To study the effect of zinc supplementation in children under 5 years of age from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on anthropometry and prevalence of malnutrition.
Design
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized trials.
Setting
Low- and middle-income countries.
Participants
63 trials with zinc supplementation, incorporating data on 27372 children. Trials conducted exclusively in specifically diseased participants and in children with severe acute malnutrition were excluded.
Intervention
Zinc supplementation, provided either as medicinal supplementation or through food fortification.
Outcome Measures
(i)
Anthropometry: weight, height, weight-for-height, mid-arm circumference, head circumference;
(ii)
Prevalence of malnutrition.
Results
There was no evidence of effect on height-for-age Z score at the end of supplementation period (25 trials; 9165 participants; MD= 0.00 Z; 95% CI -0.07, 0.07;
P
=0.98; moderate quality evidence) with significant heterogeneity (I
2
= 57%;
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s13312-019-1537-z |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2196513299</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2196513299</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1v1DAQhi0EakvbH8AFzZGLwR9xEnOrVlCQtiqi9NKL5XUmW1eJvdgJq-2VP45XW3qsZGkszzOvNQ8h7zj7yBlrPmUuJReUcU25kg19fEVOmG4q2iilX5f7vlOzmh-Ttzk_MCakUPyIHEvW6lZrdkL-3vng4GbebAYcMUx28jFAHxP8SHGMkw9ruExxO92DD7C490OXMMBt6DCBgh3alCH2YNe4B5ZxS8GGDq581w1IS3gcERZxDlPymD_DBdzs8oRj-cjBT_zjcXtG3vR2yHj-VE_J7dcvvxbf6PL68vviYkmdrKqJYtMqq1dCuFZ3Td1qh42suKy6FWNYV7IcxWrJUPW6Kq9SiNbJmjnV96veylPy4ZC7SfH3jHkyo88Oh8EGjHM2gutacSm0Lig_oC7FnBP2ZpP8aNPOcGb27s3BvSmGzd69eSwz75_i59WI3fPEf9kFEAcgl1ZYYzIPcU6hrPxC6j_NE4-8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2196513299</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review</title><source>Springer Nature</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Gera, Tarun ; Shah, Dheeraj ; Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</creator><creatorcontrib>Gera, Tarun ; Shah, Dheeraj ; Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
To study the effect of zinc supplementation in children under 5 years of age from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on anthropometry and prevalence of malnutrition.
Design
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized trials.
Setting
Low- and middle-income countries.
Participants
63 trials with zinc supplementation, incorporating data on 27372 children. Trials conducted exclusively in specifically diseased participants and in children with severe acute malnutrition were excluded.
Intervention
Zinc supplementation, provided either as medicinal supplementation or through food fortification.
Outcome Measures
(i)
Anthropometry: weight, height, weight-for-height, mid-arm circumference, head circumference;
(ii)
Prevalence of malnutrition.
Results
There was no evidence of effect on height-for-age Z score at the end of supplementation period (25 trials; 9165 participants; MD= 0.00 Z; 95% CI -0.07, 0.07;
P
=0.98; moderate quality evidence) with significant heterogeneity (I
2
= 57%;
P
<0.001) related to dose and duration of zinc between trials. There was little or no effect on change in height-for-age Z score (13 trials; 8852 participants; MD= 0.11 Z; 95% CI -0.00, 0.21;
P
=0.05), but the heterogeneity was considerable (I
2
=94%;
P
<0.001). There was no evidence of effect on length (6303 participants; MD= 1.18 cm; 95% CI -0.63, 2.99 cm,
P
=0.20; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=99%) but a little positive effect on change in length (19 trials; 10783 participants; MD= 0.43 cm; 95% CI 0.16, 0.70,
P
=0.002; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=93%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-age Z score or change in weight-for-age Z score but a little positive effect on weight (19 trials; 8851 study participants; MD= 0.23 kg; 95% CI 0.03, 0.42;
P
=0.02; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=91%) and change in weight (kg) (23 trials; 10143 study participants; MD= 0.11 kg; 95% CI 0.05, 0.17,
P
<0.001, substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=80%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-height Z score, and mid upper arm circumference at the end of supplementation period, but there was a little positive effect on change in mid-arm circumference from baseline (8 trials; 1724 participants; MD = 0.09 cm; 95% CI 0.01, 0.16;
P
=0.03; no heterogeneity, I
2
=0%). Head circumference in zinc supplemented group was marginally higher compared to control (2966 study participants; MD= 0.39 cm; 95% CI 0.03, 0.75;
P
=0.03; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=67%). There was no evidence of benefit in stunting (10 trials; 11838 study participants; RR= 1.0; 95% CI 0.95, 1.06;
P
=0.89; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=11%), wasting (7 trials; 8988 study participants; RR= 0.94; 95% CI 0.82, 1.06;
P
=0.31; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=13%) or underweight (7 trials; 8677 study participants; RR= 1.08; 95% CI 0.96, 1.21;
P
=0.19; moderate quality evidence; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=73%).
Conclusion
Available evidence suggests that zinc supplementation probably leads to little or no improvement in anthropometric indices and malnutrition (stunting, underweight and wasting) in children under five years of age in LMICs. Advocating zinc supplementation as a public health measure to improve growth, therefore, appears unjustified in these settings with scarce resources.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0019-6061</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0974-7559</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s13312-019-1537-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30898990</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New Delhi: Springer India</publisher><subject>Africa - epidemiology ; Anthropometry ; Asia - epidemiology ; Child Development ; Child, Preschool ; Developing Countries ; Dietary Supplements ; Growth Disorders - epidemiology ; Growth Disorders - prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Latin America - epidemiology ; Malnutrition - epidemiology ; Malnutrition - prevention & control ; Maternal and Child Health ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Pediatric Surgery ; Pediatrics ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Systematic Review ; Trace Elements - therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Wasting Syndrome - epidemiology ; Wasting Syndrome - prevention & control ; Zinc - therapeutic use</subject><ispartof>Indian pediatrics, 2019-05, Vol.56 (5), p.391-406</ispartof><rights>Indian Academy of Pediatrics 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30898990$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gera, Tarun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Dheeraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</creatorcontrib><title>Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review</title><title>Indian pediatrics</title><addtitle>Indian Pediatr</addtitle><addtitle>Indian Pediatr</addtitle><description>Objective
To study the effect of zinc supplementation in children under 5 years of age from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on anthropometry and prevalence of malnutrition.
Design
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized trials.
Setting
Low- and middle-income countries.
Participants
63 trials with zinc supplementation, incorporating data on 27372 children. Trials conducted exclusively in specifically diseased participants and in children with severe acute malnutrition were excluded.
Intervention
Zinc supplementation, provided either as medicinal supplementation or through food fortification.
Outcome Measures
(i)
Anthropometry: weight, height, weight-for-height, mid-arm circumference, head circumference;
(ii)
Prevalence of malnutrition.
Results
There was no evidence of effect on height-for-age Z score at the end of supplementation period (25 trials; 9165 participants; MD= 0.00 Z; 95% CI -0.07, 0.07;
P
=0.98; moderate quality evidence) with significant heterogeneity (I
2
= 57%;
P
<0.001) related to dose and duration of zinc between trials. There was little or no effect on change in height-for-age Z score (13 trials; 8852 participants; MD= 0.11 Z; 95% CI -0.00, 0.21;
P
=0.05), but the heterogeneity was considerable (I
2
=94%;
P
<0.001). There was no evidence of effect on length (6303 participants; MD= 1.18 cm; 95% CI -0.63, 2.99 cm,
P
=0.20; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=99%) but a little positive effect on change in length (19 trials; 10783 participants; MD= 0.43 cm; 95% CI 0.16, 0.70,
P
=0.002; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=93%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-age Z score or change in weight-for-age Z score but a little positive effect on weight (19 trials; 8851 study participants; MD= 0.23 kg; 95% CI 0.03, 0.42;
P
=0.02; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=91%) and change in weight (kg) (23 trials; 10143 study participants; MD= 0.11 kg; 95% CI 0.05, 0.17,
P
<0.001, substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=80%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-height Z score, and mid upper arm circumference at the end of supplementation period, but there was a little positive effect on change in mid-arm circumference from baseline (8 trials; 1724 participants; MD = 0.09 cm; 95% CI 0.01, 0.16;
P
=0.03; no heterogeneity, I
2
=0%). Head circumference in zinc supplemented group was marginally higher compared to control (2966 study participants; MD= 0.39 cm; 95% CI 0.03, 0.75;
P
=0.03; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=67%). There was no evidence of benefit in stunting (10 trials; 11838 study participants; RR= 1.0; 95% CI 0.95, 1.06;
P
=0.89; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=11%), wasting (7 trials; 8988 study participants; RR= 0.94; 95% CI 0.82, 1.06;
P
=0.31; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=13%) or underweight (7 trials; 8677 study participants; RR= 1.08; 95% CI 0.96, 1.21;
P
=0.19; moderate quality evidence; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=73%).
Conclusion
Available evidence suggests that zinc supplementation probably leads to little or no improvement in anthropometric indices and malnutrition (stunting, underweight and wasting) in children under five years of age in LMICs. Advocating zinc supplementation as a public health measure to improve growth, therefore, appears unjustified in these settings with scarce resources.</description><subject>Africa - epidemiology</subject><subject>Anthropometry</subject><subject>Asia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Child Development</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Developing Countries</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Growth Disorders - prevention & control</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Latin America - epidemiology</subject><subject>Malnutrition - epidemiology</subject><subject>Malnutrition - prevention & control</subject><subject>Maternal and Child Health</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Pediatric Surgery</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Systematic Review</subject><subject>Trace Elements - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Wasting Syndrome - epidemiology</subject><subject>Wasting Syndrome - prevention & control</subject><subject>Zinc - therapeutic use</subject><issn>0019-6061</issn><issn>0974-7559</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1v1DAQhi0EakvbH8AFzZGLwR9xEnOrVlCQtiqi9NKL5XUmW1eJvdgJq-2VP45XW3qsZGkszzOvNQ8h7zj7yBlrPmUuJReUcU25kg19fEVOmG4q2iilX5f7vlOzmh-Ttzk_MCakUPyIHEvW6lZrdkL-3vng4GbebAYcMUx28jFAHxP8SHGMkw9ruExxO92DD7C490OXMMBt6DCBgh3alCH2YNe4B5ZxS8GGDq581w1IS3gcERZxDlPymD_DBdzs8oRj-cjBT_zjcXtG3vR2yHj-VE_J7dcvvxbf6PL68vviYkmdrKqJYtMqq1dCuFZ3Td1qh42suKy6FWNYV7IcxWrJUPW6Kq9SiNbJmjnV96veylPy4ZC7SfH3jHkyo88Oh8EGjHM2gutacSm0Lig_oC7FnBP2ZpP8aNPOcGb27s3BvSmGzd69eSwz75_i59WI3fPEf9kFEAcgl1ZYYzIPcU6hrPxC6j_NE4-8</recordid><startdate>20190501</startdate><enddate>20190501</enddate><creator>Gera, Tarun</creator><creator>Shah, Dheeraj</creator><creator>Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</creator><general>Springer India</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190501</creationdate><title>Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review</title><author>Gera, Tarun ; Shah, Dheeraj ; Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Africa - epidemiology</topic><topic>Anthropometry</topic><topic>Asia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Child Development</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Developing Countries</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Growth Disorders - prevention & control</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Latin America - epidemiology</topic><topic>Malnutrition - epidemiology</topic><topic>Malnutrition - prevention & control</topic><topic>Maternal and Child Health</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Pediatric Surgery</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</topic><topic>Systematic Review</topic><topic>Trace Elements - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Wasting Syndrome - epidemiology</topic><topic>Wasting Syndrome - prevention & control</topic><topic>Zinc - therapeutic use</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gera, Tarun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Dheeraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Indian pediatrics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gera, Tarun</au><au>Shah, Dheeraj</au><au>Sachdev, Harshpal Singh</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review</atitle><jtitle>Indian pediatrics</jtitle><stitle>Indian Pediatr</stitle><addtitle>Indian Pediatr</addtitle><date>2019-05-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>391</spage><epage>406</epage><pages>391-406</pages><issn>0019-6061</issn><eissn>0974-7559</eissn><abstract>Objective
To study the effect of zinc supplementation in children under 5 years of age from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on anthropometry and prevalence of malnutrition.
Design
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized trials.
Setting
Low- and middle-income countries.
Participants
63 trials with zinc supplementation, incorporating data on 27372 children. Trials conducted exclusively in specifically diseased participants and in children with severe acute malnutrition were excluded.
Intervention
Zinc supplementation, provided either as medicinal supplementation or through food fortification.
Outcome Measures
(i)
Anthropometry: weight, height, weight-for-height, mid-arm circumference, head circumference;
(ii)
Prevalence of malnutrition.
Results
There was no evidence of effect on height-for-age Z score at the end of supplementation period (25 trials; 9165 participants; MD= 0.00 Z; 95% CI -0.07, 0.07;
P
=0.98; moderate quality evidence) with significant heterogeneity (I
2
= 57%;
P
<0.001) related to dose and duration of zinc between trials. There was little or no effect on change in height-for-age Z score (13 trials; 8852 participants; MD= 0.11 Z; 95% CI -0.00, 0.21;
P
=0.05), but the heterogeneity was considerable (I
2
=94%;
P
<0.001). There was no evidence of effect on length (6303 participants; MD= 1.18 cm; 95% CI -0.63, 2.99 cm,
P
=0.20; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=99%) but a little positive effect on change in length (19 trials; 10783 participants; MD= 0.43 cm; 95% CI 0.16, 0.70,
P
=0.002; moderate quality evidence; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=93%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-age Z score or change in weight-for-age Z score but a little positive effect on weight (19 trials; 8851 study participants; MD= 0.23 kg; 95% CI 0.03, 0.42;
P
=0.02; considerable heterogeneity, I
2
=91%) and change in weight (kg) (23 trials; 10143 study participants; MD= 0.11 kg; 95% CI 0.05, 0.17,
P
<0.001, substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=80%). There was no evidence of effect on weight-for-height Z score, and mid upper arm circumference at the end of supplementation period, but there was a little positive effect on change in mid-arm circumference from baseline (8 trials; 1724 participants; MD = 0.09 cm; 95% CI 0.01, 0.16;
P
=0.03; no heterogeneity, I
2
=0%). Head circumference in zinc supplemented group was marginally higher compared to control (2966 study participants; MD= 0.39 cm; 95% CI 0.03, 0.75;
P
=0.03; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=67%). There was no evidence of benefit in stunting (10 trials; 11838 study participants; RR= 1.0; 95% CI 0.95, 1.06;
P
=0.89; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=11%), wasting (7 trials; 8988 study participants; RR= 0.94; 95% CI 0.82, 1.06;
P
=0.31; moderate quality evidence; no significant heterogeneity, I
2
=13%) or underweight (7 trials; 8677 study participants; RR= 1.08; 95% CI 0.96, 1.21;
P
=0.19; moderate quality evidence; substantial heterogeneity, I
2
=73%).
Conclusion
Available evidence suggests that zinc supplementation probably leads to little or no improvement in anthropometric indices and malnutrition (stunting, underweight and wasting) in children under five years of age in LMICs. Advocating zinc supplementation as a public health measure to improve growth, therefore, appears unjustified in these settings with scarce resources.</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><pmid>30898990</pmid><doi>10.1007/s13312-019-1537-z</doi><tpages>16</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0019-6061 |
| ispartof | Indian pediatrics, 2019-05, Vol.56 (5), p.391-406 |
| issn | 0019-6061 0974-7559 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2196513299 |
| source | Springer Nature; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Africa - epidemiology Anthropometry Asia - epidemiology Child Development Child, Preschool Developing Countries Dietary Supplements Growth Disorders - epidemiology Growth Disorders - prevention & control Humans Infant Latin America - epidemiology Malnutrition - epidemiology Malnutrition - prevention & control Maternal and Child Health Medicine Medicine & Public Health Pediatric Surgery Pediatrics Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Systematic Review Trace Elements - therapeutic use Treatment Outcome Wasting Syndrome - epidemiology Wasting Syndrome - prevention & control Zinc - therapeutic use |
| title | Zinc Supplementation for Promoting Growth in Children Under 5 years of age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-17T15%3A07%3A23IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Zinc%20Supplementation%20for%20Promoting%20Growth%20in%20Children%20Under%205%20years%20of%20age%20in%20Low-%20and%20Middle-income%20Countries:%20A%20Systematic%20Review&rft.jtitle=Indian%20pediatrics&rft.au=Gera,%20Tarun&rft.date=2019-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=391&rft.epage=406&rft.pages=391-406&rft.issn=0019-6061&rft.eissn=0974-7559&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s13312-019-1537-z&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2196513299%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c344t-e785a9b22c89d7689ce734134db00e64364350630e5f944db3228c360c5ffbfa3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2196513299&rft_id=info:pmid/30898990&rfr_iscdi=true |