Redox lipidomics to better understand brain aging and function

• Published in: Free radical biology & medicine 2019-11, Vol.144, p.310-321
• Main Authors: Pamplona, Reinald, Borras, Consuelo, Jové, Mariona, Pradas, Irene, Ferrer, Isidre, Viña, Jose
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Advanced lipoxidation end products; Aging; Energy metabolism; Lipidomics; Mitochondrion; Neurotransmission; Oxidative stress; Prefrontal cortex; Proteostasis; Reactive carbonyl species
• ISSN: 0891-5849; 1873-4596
• DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.016

Human prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a recently evolutionary emerged brain region involved in cognitive functions. Human cognitive abilities decline during aging. Yet the molecular mechanisms that sustain the preservation or deterioration of neurons and PFC functions are unknown. In this review, we focus on the role of lipids in human PFC aging. As the evolution of brain lipid concentrations is particularly accelerated in the human PFC, conferring a specific lipid profile, a brief approach to the lipidome of PFC was consider along with the relationship between lipids and lipoxidative damage, and the role of lipids in human PFC aging. In addition, the specific targets of lipoxidative damage in human PFC, the affected biological processes, and their potential role in the cognitive decline associated with aging are discussed. Finally, interventions designed to modify this process are considered. We propose that the dysfunction of key biological processes due to selective protein lipoxidation damage may have a role the cognitive decline of PFC during aging. [Display omitted] •Human prefrontal cortex (PFC) has unique and specific lipidome that undergoes progressive changes with aging.•PFC protein damage is selective and affects specific biological processes.•Human PFC lipid oxidation and lipoxidation-derived protein damage increase with aging.•Human PFC lipid oxidation and lipoxidation-derived protein damage may have a role in the age-associated PFC cognitive decline.