Low rate of early vertical transmission of HIV supports the feasibility of effective implementation of the national PMTCT guidelines in routine practice of referral hospitals in Cameroon

Background: Vertical (VT) transmission of HIV remains a public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: To investigate the VT rate and factors associated with transmission in routine practice in three referral hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: All HIV-infected mothers who delivered in maternit...

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Published in:Paediatrics and international child health 2019-07, Vol.39 (3), p.208-215
Main Authors: Penda, Calixte Ida, Tejiokem, Mathurin Cyrille, Sofeu, Casimir Ledoux, Ndiang, Suzie Tetang, Ateba Ndongo, Francis, Kfutwah, Anfumbom, Guemkam, Georgette, Warszawski, Josiane, Faye, Albert, Study Group, the ANRS-Pediacam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Retroviral Agents - therapeutic use
Cameroon
early HIV diagnosis
Female
Health Services Research
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - prevention & control
HIV Infections - transmission
Hospitals
Humans
Incidence
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control
PMTCT
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - prevention & control
Risk Factors
VT rate
VT risk factors
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Summary:Background: Vertical (VT) transmission of HIV remains a public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: To investigate the VT rate and factors associated with transmission in routine practice in three referral hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: All HIV-infected mothers who delivered in maternity wards or sought paediatric services during the first postnatal week from November 2007 to October 2010 were invited to participate in the ANRS-Pediacam cohort. Their infants were followed at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of life and HIV status was determined from the 6th week of life using real-time PCR. For those who were breastfed and negative at the first PCR, a second test was performed 6 weeks after breast-feeding was stopped. Logistic regression was performed to identify the independent risk factors of VT. Results: Overall, 2053 HIV-exposed infants were enrolled. Of these, 1827 were tested for HIV including 1777 before the age of 3 months, and 59 were HIV-infected, resulting in an overall early VT rate of 3.3% (CI 2.5-4.3). The VT rate was significantly associated with the type of maternal exposure to ART (0.5%, 2/439, p
ISSN:2046-9047
2046-9055
DOI:10.1080/20469047.2019.1585136