Oxygen Vacancy Diffusion and Condensation in Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathode Materials

Oxygen vacancies (OV) are native defects in transition metal (TM) oxides and their presence has a critical effect on the physicochemical properties of the oxide. Metal oxides are commonly used in lithium‐ion battery (LIB) cathodes and there is still a lack of understanding of the role of OVs in LIB...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2019-07, Vol.58 (31), p.10478-10485
Main Authors: Lee, Sanghan, Jin, Wooyoung, Kim, Su Hwan, Joo, Se Hun, Nam, Gyutae, Oh, Pilgun, Kim, Young‐Ki, Kwak, Sang Kyu, Cho, Jaephil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
capacity fading
Cathodes
Condensation
Crystal defects
Crystal structure
Crystallography
Electrochemistry
Electrode materials
lattice mismatch
Lithium
Lithium-ion batteries
Metal oxides
Metals
microcrack
Microcracks
Migration
Oxides
Oxygen
oxygen vacancies diffusion
Physicochemical properties
Single crystals
Transition metals
Vacancies
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Summary:Oxygen vacancies (OV) are native defects in transition metal (TM) oxides and their presence has a critical effect on the physicochemical properties of the oxide. Metal oxides are commonly used in lithium‐ion battery (LIB) cathodes and there is still a lack of understanding of the role of OVs in LIB research field. Here, we report on the behavior of OVs in a single‐crystal LIB cathode during the non‐equilibrium states of charge and discharge. We found that microcrack evolution in a single crystal occurs due to OV condensation in specific crystallographic orientations generated by the continuous migration of OVs and TM ions. Moreover, understanding the effects of the presence and diffusion of OVs in metal oxides enables the elucidation of most of the conventional mechanisms of capacity fading in LIBs and provides new insights for new electrochemical applications. Oxygen vacancies (OV) are native defects in transition metal oxides and their presence has a critical effect on the physicochemical properties of the oxide. Studies reveal that OV diffusion leads to their condensation along a specific lattice plane, resulting in the formation of lattice mismatches and microcracks in single‐crystal cathode materials.
ISSN:1433-7851
1521-3773
DOI:10.1002/anie.201904469